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Therapeutic Rehab > Considerations > Flashcards

Considerations Flashcards

1
Q

Essential Considerations

A
  • Primary goal is to create environment for athlete/ patient that is safe
  • When injury occurs focus shifts from prevention to rehabilitation
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2
Q

In the Sports Medicine setting the AT is responsible for what?

A

Design, Implementation and Supervision

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3
Q

AT overseeing protocol must have understanding of the following:

A
  • Knowledge of how injury was sustained
  • Major anatomical structures affected
  • Degree and grade of trauma
  • Stage/ phase of the injury healing
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4
Q

Principles of Rehabilitation acronym

A

ATC IS IT

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5
Q

ATC IS IT meaning

A

A: Avoid aggravation
T: Timing
C: Compliance

I: Individualization
S: Specific sequencing

I: Intensity
T: Total Patient

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6
Q

Rehabilitation Team Primary Members examples

A

Athletic trainer
Physician
Patient
Orthopedist
Podiatrist
Ophthalmologist
Psychologist or counselor
Physical therapist
Parents or spouse
Coach
School nurse

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7
Q

Rehabilitation Team Secondary Members

A

Emergency medical technicians
Orthotist
Pharmacist
Kinesiologist
Exercise physiologist
Nutritionist
Attorney
Supervisor
Peers
Sport team members
Equipment manager
Teachers
Athletic administrator

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8
Q

Qualities of Professionalism

A
  • Abiding by ethical standards
    (e.g., NATA Code of Ethics)
  • Abiding by legal standards
    (e.g., state regulations)
  • Consent from patient
  • Purposeful touch
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9
Q

The AT directs what?

A

all phases of rehabilitation

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10
Q

Every decision made by the AT should be done with what in mind?

A

the athletes best interest at heart

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11
Q

Athlete must always be aware of what when working with the rehabilitation team?

A

Why, how and when factors that collectively dictate the course of an injury rehabilitation program

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12
Q

Coaches should not be involved in what?

A

decision making process regarding injury

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13
Q

How does a sports medicine setting affect the approach to rehab?

A

Competitive nature may dictate a more aggressive approach

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14
Q

What is an AT primary goal when working in a sports medicine setting?

A

Goal is to return as safely and quickly as possible

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15
Q

Anything that interferes with rehabilitation process will likely do what?

A

increase healing time

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16
Q

What is the acronym for determining exercise intensity?

A

“S.A.I.D.” Principle

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17
Q

“S.A.I.D.” Principle

A

Specific
Adaptation
to
Imposed
Demands

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18
Q

Explanation behind the “S.A.I.D.” Principle

A

When an injured structure is subjected to stresses and overloads of varying intensities it will gradually adapt over time to whatever demands are placed on it

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19
Q

Exercises cannot be great enough to do what to an injury before the injured structure has had a chance to adapt?

A

exacerbate the injury

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20
Q

What are the indications that exercise is too intense?

A
  • Increased swelling
  • Increased pain
  • Loss of/ plateau of strength in ROM
  • Increase in laxity of healing structure
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21
Q

Early exercise rehabilitation involves what?

A
  • sub-maximal exercise performed in short bouts several times daily

(low intensity, high frequency)

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22
Q

Exercise intensity must be what?

A

equal with the healing process

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23
Q

As recovery increases/Late exercise rehabilitation involves what?

A
  • intensity of exercise increases and is performed less times daily

(high intensity, low frequency)

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24
Q

Psychological Aspects of
Rehabilitation: vary from athlete to athlete

A

Pain threshold
Cooperation/ compliance
Denial of disability
Depression
Intrinsic/ extrinsic motivation(s)
Anger
Fear
Guilt
Ability to adjust

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25
Q

Stages of grief

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance
26
Q

What aspects of sports psychology can be applied to rehabilitation?

A
  • Visualization
  • Self-hypnosis
  • Relaxation techniques
27
Q

Pathomechanics can be defined as what?

A

the mechanics of living systems in motion resulting in, or leading to, dysfunction or injury.

28
Q

Working definition of injury:

A

Damage caused by physical trauma, sustained by tissues of the body

29
Q

Pathomechanics definition #2

A

When joint or other anatomical structure is damaged, normal biomechanical function is compromised.
- acute
- chronic

30
Q

Pathomechanics definition #2 example

A

player can walk fine without any apparent difference; however, when they begin playing basketball it becomes evident that they now favor one leg over the other.

31
Q

Acute injury

A

single defining moment that causes the injury (dislocation/sprains)

32
Q

Chronic injury

A

injury that occurs over the span of time (stress fractures/shin splints)

33
Q

Pathomechanics definition #3

A

Adaptive changes that occur that alter the manner in which various forces collectively act upon that joint to produce motion.

34
Q

Pathomechanics definition #4

A

Biomechanics of joint motion are changed as a result of the injury.

35
Q

75% of patients that tear their ACL alter what patterns?

A

their patterns of neuro-motor control to accommodate for
changes.

36
Q

What is the purpose of the reprogramming of locomotor process?

A

so that excessive anterior displacement of the tibia is
prevented

37
Q

A torn ACL has what effect on the quadriceps?

A
  • reduced contraction of
    quadriceps
  • Quadriceps avoidance gait
    (increases the hamstring contraction)
38
Q

The kinetic chain is what?

A

the entire kinetic chain is an integrated functional unit

39
Q

Kinetic chain is composed of what?

A

– Muscle, tendon, ligament, fascia

– Articular system, neural system

40
Q

If any of the systems are not working efficiently, what occurs?

A

the other systems are forced to adapt and compensate

41
Q

The compensation of one system for another leads to what?

A
  • Lead to overload
  • decreased performance
  • predictable patterns of injury
42
Q

Optimal performance of all contributing components of
the kinetic chain results in:

A
  • appropriate length-tension relationships

– optimal force-couple relationships

– precise arthrokinematics (physiology of joint motion

– optimal neuromuscular control

43
Q

Injury to the kinetic chain rarely what?

A

involves only one structure

44
Q

Upper/Lower Crossed Syndrome

A

develops when muscles in one part of the body become overstretched and weak while muscles in the opposing part become overworked, short and tight.

45
Q

Elements of Rehabilitation

A
  • Objectives and goals
  • Examination and assessment
  • Progression
46
Q

Therapeutic Exercise Progression

A

Must address the following in order
1. Flexibility and range of motion
2. Muscle strength and endurance
3. Balance, coordination and agility
4. Functional performance
5. Performance specific activities

47
Q

Components of Therapeutic Exercise

A
  • Balance, coordination, and agility
  • Functional performance
  • Activity-specific or sport-specific performance
  • Prehabilitation
48
Q

Therapeutic Exercise versus Conditioning Exercise

A

Therapeutic Exercise is used to indicate exercises that are used to indicate exercises that are used in a rehabilitation program. Conditioning Exercise refers to those activities that minimize the possibility of injury while maximizing performance.

49
Q

Swelling

A
  • is one common factor of all injuries
  • Produces increased pressure
    – Produces increased pain
50
Q

Acronym for controlling swelling

A

PRICE

51
Q

PRICE

A

P – Protection
R – Rest (Restricted Activity)
I – Ice
C – Compression
E - Elevation

52
Q

What is absolutely essential to developing functional
strength?

A

core stabilization

53
Q

Core stabilization is what?

A

Considered to be the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex which functions to dynamically stabilize the entire kinetic chain during functional movements

54
Q

What should be primary concern of all rehabilitation
programs?

A

Neuromuscular control
-Athlete needs to be able to sense position of joint in space

55
Q

There will always be associated loss of what when a joint is injured?

A

ROM

56
Q

Loss of motion can be attributed to what factors?

A
  • Resistance of musculotendinous unit to stretch
    – Contracture of connective tissue
    – Muscle imbalances
    – Postural imbalance
    – Neural tension
    – Joint dysfunction
57
Q

Rehabilitation programs should include what kinds of movements?

A

movement in multi-planar directions
- concentric
- eccentric
- isometric

58
Q

When are isometric exercises typically performed?

A

the early phase of rehabilitation when a joint is immobilized for a period of time

59
Q

What are the benefits of isometrics?

A
  • increase static strength and assist in decreasing the amount of atrophy
  • decrease swelling by causing a muscle pumping action to remove fluid and edema
60
Q

Progressive Resistive Exercise (PRE)

A
  • Most commonly used strengthening technique
  • May be performed using free weights, exercise machines or rubber tubing
  • PRE’s use isotonic contractions in which force is generated while the muscle is changing LENGTH
  • Isotonic movements may be either concentric or eccentric
61
Q

Isokinetic Exercise

A
  • Most often incorporated in the later phases of the rehabilitation process
  • Uses a fixed speed with accommodating resistance to provide maximal resistance throughout the range of motion
  • Isokinetic measures are commonly used as a criteria for return to functional activity
62
Q

Plyometric Exercise (aka Reactive Neuromuscular Training)

A
  • Most often incorporated in the LATER stages of the rehabilitation program
  • Uses a quick eccentric stretch to facilitate a subsequent concentric contraction
  • Useful in restoring or developing the athlete’s ability to produce DYNAMIC movements associated with muscular power
  • Ability to generate force very rapidly is key to successful performance

Therapeutic Rehab (4 decks)

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