Conservation Of Biodiversity Flashcards
Name 4 new foods for potential commercial cultivation
Bison, Eland, perennial maize, potato bean.
Name 2 different instances of biomimetic influences in vehicle design.
Reduced drag in planes, bird wingtip feathers, aircraft wingtip fins.
Humpback whale fins, ship rudders, improved manoeuvrability.
Name two different instances of how new medicine species have been developed from plants
Poppies for morphine and codeine, willow for aspirin.
Name two reasons why animals are more useful than humans in physiological research
Specific adaptations may help with particular research projects.
Squid nerve function-research into epilepsy, Alzheimer’s etc.
Name an example of how a non-native herbivore was introduced to another country in order to control a pest species.
Cactoblastis moths to control prickly pear cacti populations in Australia.
Name an example of how a species can be useful in controlling parasites.
Parasitic wasps used to control whitefly populations to protect tomato crops.
Name 3 examples of desired characteristics being bred into a crop species through the use of crop wild relatives.
Salt tolerant rice
Disease resistant sugar cane
Drought resistant cacao
How can woodland clearance have an effect on the biodiversity of local plants?
High light levels can destroy low light dwelling woodland plants such as bluebells, wood anemone and ferns.
How can oxygen availability affect the biodiversity of local aquatic species?
Deoxygenation of water can cause death in aquatic species that require high oxygen levels such as trout and mayfly larvae.
How can acid mine drainage effecting local water ph cause damage to aquatic species?
Low ph kills invertebrates with exoskeletons and organisms with exposed cell membranes e.g fish eggs and fish gills.
Name two instances of invasive species and the type of species they threaten
American mink killing water voles in the uk, rats killing ground nesting birds on Islands such as New Zealand.
What are the key features of the wildlife and countryside act 1981?
Designated areas were enabled such as sssi’s.
Protection of wild birds and their nests.
Protection of mammals, eg hazel dormouse
Uprooting wild plants is illegal without the permission of the land owner.
What is a RAMSAR site?
A wetland site designated to be of international importance under the ramsar convention.
How does the convention on international trade of endangered species, (CITIES). Protect species using appendix one and two?
There are two main appendixes which consist of the laws:
1: no international trade
Appendix 2: limited trade permitted in areas where the population is well conserved.
What is the IWC?
The international whaling commission
What is the EU CFP?
The European Union common fisheries policy
What is the ITTO?
International tropical timber organisation
Name an example of a difficulty involved in habitat size when keeping animals in captivity
Many shark species require more space than can be provided, many sharks need to swim to be able to breathe, for instance Basking sharks.
Name an example of a difficulty in disease risk when keeping animals in captivity
Cheetahs are vulnerable to the feline herpes virus, and so require vaccination, isolation of infected individuals etc.
What is the typical temperature range of a tropical coral reef?
23-29 degrees Celsius
What is the typical latitude of tropical coral reefs?
Around 30 degrees north and south of the equator
How do the two types of corals get their energy to photosynthesise?
Deep water corals get their food from their cilia.
Tropical corals get 95% of their food from photosynthetic algae
Explain how debt for nature swaps work
A charity org, government or other NGO partially pays or cancels debt in return for the cancellation of the remaining debt. Country that owed the debt agrees to protect a new reserve.
Name 2 examples of establishments of protected areas.
Korup national park, Cameroon.
Tumucumaque n.p Brazil.
