Connective tissues and cartilage Flashcards
What are all connective tissues made of
- Cells
- Extracellular matrix
- Extracellular tissue fluid
What is connective tissue like
Widely separated cells, with intercellular substance
What does connective tissue consist of
- cells
- fibres
- ground substance
What do the properties and function of the connective tissue depend on
Proportions and arrangement of matrix
What are cells in connective tissue separated by?
ECM
What does the ECM contain
blood vessels and nerves
Can cells in connective tissue communicate?
yes
What is the rate of turnover of cells in connective tissue
Slow turnover
How do cells interact with ECM
Adhesion molecules
What is mesenchyme
embryonic connective tissue
What cells are derived from mesenchyme
Fibroblasts
Adipose cells
Defence cells
What do fibroblasts do
Responsible for synthesis and maintenance of ECM
What do adipose cells do
Involved in storage plus mechanical effects
What types of defense cells are derived from mesenchyme
- Mast cells
- Macrophages
- Other WBC’s
What is the extracellular matrix of connective tissue made of
Ground tissue
Fibres
What does the ground substance contain?
Glycosaminoglycans (GAG’s)
Proteoglycans
Multiadhesive proteins
What do GAG’s do
Hydrophilic so attract water and Na+ and so fill spaces between cells and provide substance to the connective tissue
What type of fibers does the extracellular matrix contain
Collagen
Elastin
Reticulin (type 3 collagen)
What is collagen secreted as
Tropocollagen and polymerized extracellularly to form collagen
What does elastin do
Stretches and recoils
What does elastin require for assembly
Fibrilin
What types of glycoprotein are there
Filamentous and non filamentous
Types of filamentous glycoproteins
Fibrillin
FIbronectin
Types of non-filamentous glycoproteins
Laminin
Entactin
Tenascin
