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ZOOLOGY LAB > CONNECTIVE TISSUES > Flashcards

CONNECTIVE TISSUES Flashcards

1
Q

herarchy of struccture from cells to systems

A

cells
tissues
organs
systems

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2
Q

it lines surfaces in the body

A

epithelial tissues

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3
Q

is made up of fibers that contract

A

muscle tissues

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4
Q

it consists of cells with projections that transmit electrical signals

A

nervous tissues

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5
Q

acts as padding under skin and elsewhere

A

loose connective tissue

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6
Q

these are connective cells in hard or stiff extracellular matrix

A

bone and cartilage

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7
Q

is a connective tissues made up of cells in a liquid matrix

A

blood

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8
Q

for protection, secretion, and absorption

A

Epithelial tissue

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9
Q

it is for support, bind, and protect organs

A

Connective tissue

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10
Q

it is for contraction

A

Muscle tissue:

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11
Q

it Develops from the mesoderm

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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11
Q

it is for information to other cells

A

Nervous tissue:

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12
Q

it Connects, supports, binds, or separates different types of tissues and organs in the body

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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12
Q

it is Found in b/w other tissues everywhere in the body, including nervous system

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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13
Q

3 composition of connective tissues

A

micture of cells
fibers
ground substance

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14
Q

6 mixtures of cells

A

 FIBROBLASTS

 MACROPHAGES

 MAST CELLS

 PLASMA CELLS

 LEUKOCYTES

 ADIPOCYTES (FAT CELLS)

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15
Q

it is the Most common cells in connective tissue.

A

FIBROBLASTS

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16
Q
  • Their nuclei are ovoid or spindle shaped and can be large or
    small in size depending on their stage of cellular activity.
     Synthesis ECM and collagen
A

FIBROBLASTS

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17
Q

are Highly phagocytic cells that are derived from blood monocytes.

A

MACROPHAGES

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18
Q

With conventional staining, ———— are very difficult to
identify unless they show visible ingested material inside their
cytoplasm.

A

MACROPHAGES

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19
Q

the Bone marrow origin and are distributed chiefly around small
blood vessels.

A

MAST CELLS

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20
Q

They are oval to round in shape, with a centrally placed nucleus.

A

MAST CELLS

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21
Q

Derived from B lymphocytes

A

PLASMA CELLS

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22
Q

They are oval shaped and have the ability to secrete antibodies
that are antigen specific.

A

PLASMA CELLS

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23
Q

White blood cells, are considered the transient cells of connective tissue.

A

LEUKOCYTES

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24
Q

They migrate from the blood vessels into connective tissue by the process of diapedesis.

A

LEUKOCYTES

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25
Q

LEUKOCYTES migrate from the blood vessels into connective tissue by the process of

A

diapedesis.

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26
Q

Arise from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of connective tissue. They gradually accumulate

A

ADIPOCYTES

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27
Q

which results in a significant flattening of the nucleus in the
periphery of the cell.

A

cytoplasmic fat

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28
Q

is a clear, viscous substance with a high
water content, but with very little morphologic structure.

A

Ground substance

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29
Q

When stained with basic dyes, it
appears amorphous, it appears as a clear space.

A

Ground substance

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30
Q

basic dyes

A

(periodic acid-Schiff [PAS])

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31
Q

Its major component is Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which
are long, un-branched chains of polysaccharides with
repeating disaccharide units.

A

Ground substance

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32
Q

are long, un-branched chains of polysaccharides with
repeating disaccharide units.

A

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs),

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33
Q

most of these are covalently bonded to a large central protein to form larger molecules called proteoglycans.

A

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs),

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34
Q

Most GAGs are covalently bonded to a large central protein to
form larger molecules called

A

proteoglycans

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35
Q

3 fibers

A

collagen
elastic
reticular

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36
Q

are the most common and widespread
fibers in connective tissue.

A

COLLAGEN FIBERS

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37
Q

it occupies 25-35% of body

A

Collagen

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38
Q

molecule (tropo-collagen) is a product of the
fibroblast.

A

collagen

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39
Q

is 300 nm in length and consists
of three polypeptide amino acid chains.

A

collagen molecule

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40
Q

have a very resilient nature (stretch and
recoil), which is important in areas like the lungs, aorta,
and skin.

A

Elastic fibers

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41
Q

They are composed of two proteins, elastin and fibrillin,
and do not have a banding pattern.

A

Elastic fibers

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42
Q

two proteins in elastic fibers

A

elastin and fibrillin

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43
Q

these proteins do not have a banding pattern.

A

elastin and fibrillin

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44
Q

are small-diameter fibers.

A

RETICULAR FIBERS

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45
Q

are Supporting mesh in soft tissues(liver,bone marrow and
lymphatic system)

A

RETICULAR FIBERS

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46
Q

4 types of connective tissue

A
  • Connective Tissue Proper
  • Specialized Connective Tissues
  • Supportive connective Tissues
  • Fluid connective tissue
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47
Q

3 connective tissues proper

A

Dense irregular CT
Loose CT
Dense regular CT

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48
Q

refers to the high abundance of collagen
fibers (but fewer cells) compared to loose connective
tissue.

A

“Dense”

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49
Q

indicates that the orientation of the fiber
bundles is in many different directions (or randomly
oriented bundles).

A

“Irregular”

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50
Q

Contains mostly collagen fibers with a lesser
number of other fibers such as elastic fibers.

A

DENSE IRREGULAR CT

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51
Q

this connective tissue provide strength.

A

dense irregular ct

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52
Q

This type of tissue is composed of coarse collagen
bundles that is densely packed and oriented into
parallel cylinders.

A

dense regular ct

53
Q

are Long, thin fibroblasts are found among the fiber
bundles and are oriented in the same direction as the
fibers.

A

DENSE REGULAR CT

54
Q

Long, thin fibroblasts are found among the fiber
bundles and are oriented in the same direction as the
fibers.

A

DENSE REGULAR CT

55
Q

The thick bundles of collagen fibers fill the intercellular spaces.

A

DENSE REGULAR CT

56
Q

it provide strong attachment between various structures

A

DENSE REGULAR CT

57
Q

is also called areolar
connective tissue.

A

Loose connective tissue

58
Q

Loose connective tissue is also called

A

areolar
connective tissue.

59
Q

This type of connective tissue has abundant ground
substance, with many connective tissue cells and
relatively few fibers.

A

Loose connective tissue

60
Q

It is richly vascularized, flexible, and not highly
resistant to stress.

A

Loose connective tissue

61
Q

This tissue lies immediately beneath the thin
epithelium of the gut, which is one place where the
body’s defense mechanisms initially attack bacteria
and pathogens.

A

LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

62
Q

in the loose connective tissue these cells are common in this area.

A

plasma cells, mast cells, leukocytes, and
fibroblasts

63
Q

is characterized by loosely
arranged, woven connective fibers, abundant ground
substance, and tissue fluid, which contains the rich
array of connective tissue cells.

A

Loose connective tissue

64
Q

3 specialized connective tissues

A
  • Adipose connective tissue
  • Reticular connective tissue
  • Elastic connective tissue
65
Q

is a special form of connective tissue
and has a rich neurovascular supply.

A

Adipose tissue

66
Q

adipose tissue has a rish supply of what?

A

neurovascular supply.

67
Q

are scattered within a loose
collagenous supporting tissue in this unilocular
adipose tissue.

A

Adipocytes (fat cells)

68
Q

each of this cell contains a single large drop of
lipid; it has a thin rim of cytoplasm around the lipid,
and its flattened nucleus is located in the periphery of
the cell.

A

adipose cell

69
Q

Each adipose cell contains a single large drop of

A

lipid

70
Q

are the primary site for storage of energy,
and lipid deposition and mobilization are regulated
by hormonal factors

A

Adipocytes

71
Q

Adipocytes are regulated
by

A

hormonal factors

72
Q

examples of hormonal factors

A

(steroids, insulin, thyroid hormone, etc.).

73
Q

also play a role in the synthesis of some
hormones such as leptin.

A

Adipocytes

74
Q

Adipocytes also play a role in the synthesis of some hormones such as

A

leptin

75
Q

is a specialized loose
connective tissue that provides a delicate
supporting framework for many highly cellular
organs, such as endocrine glands, lymphoid
organs, the spleen, and the liver.

A

Reticular tissue

76
Q

They are arranged in a net like framework to
support parenchymal cells, in this example,
pancreatic cells.

A

Reticular tissue

77
Q

They are arranged in a net like framework to
support —– cells, example is pancreatic cells

A

parenchymal cells

78
Q

These fibers consist of collagen type III,

A

reticular connective tissue

79
Q

it forms a mesh like network that supports the
liver cells and holds these cells together

A

reticular connective tissue

80
Q

There is a —— running between the
reticular fibers, which appears as empty
space here.

A

sinusoid

81
Q

consists predominately of
elastic material, and this allows distension and recoil of
the structure.

A

Elastic connective tissue

82
Q

This tissue can be found in some vertebral ligaments,
arterial walls, and in the bronchial tree.

A

Elastic connective tissue

83
Q

these are thick bundles of elastic lamellae are arranged in
parallel wavy sheets, with the smooth muscle cells and
collagen fibers insinuated between alternating lamellae.

A

Elastic connective tissue

84
Q

The elastic fibers are formed by

A

elastin and fibrillin microfibrils.

85
Q

are able to recoil after stretching.

A

Elastic connective tissues

86
Q

This property in large arteries helps to moderate the
extremes of pressure associated with the cardiac cycle.

A

Elastic connective tissue

87
Q

Elastic connective tissue helps to moderate the
extremes of pressure associated with the

A

cardiac cycle

88
Q

it is associated with the Abnormal expression of the fibrillin (FBN1) gene is associated with abnormal elastic tissue disease.

A

Elastic connective tissue

89
Q

gene is
associated with abnormal elastic tissue disease.

A

fibrillin (FBN1)

90
Q

2 types of supportive connective tissue

A

BONE
CARTILAGE

91
Q

are surrounded by a matrix of
collagen fibres strengthened by inorganic salts,
especially calcium and phosphate.

A

Bone cells

92
Q

also known as (osteocytes)

A

Bone cells

93
Q

Bone cells (osteocytes) are surrounded by a matrix of
collagen fibres strengthened by

A

inorganic salts, calcium and phosphate.

94
Q

2 types of bone

A

compact bone
spongy or cancellous bone

95
Q

has solid
or dense appearance

A

Compact bone

96
Q

a bone that has ‘spongy’ or fine honeycomb appearance.

A

Spongy or cancellous
bone

97
Q

are found on ends of long bone

A

spongy bone

98
Q

it contains bony bars and plates called trabeculae separated by irregular spaces

A

spongy bone

99
Q

are bony bars and plates that are separated by irregular spaces

A

trabeculae

100
Q

bloody cells are made within the red marrow found in the —-

A

spongy bone

101
Q

Found in the outer
portion of long bones

A

compact bone

102
Q

it consists of many cylindrical-shaped
units called osteon

A

compact bone

103
Q

cylindrical-shaped
units in a bone

A

osteon

104
Q

concentric layers or rings along the calcified matrix

A

lamella

105
Q

tiny cavities inside the lamellae

A

lacuna

106
Q

this is the space where the osteocyte are found

A

lacuna

107
Q

it is teh central canal that os surrounded by concentric lamellae

A

central (haversian) canal

108
Q

tiny hair-like channels that are branching

A

canaliculi

109
Q

it has a flexible rubbery matrix

A

Cartilage

110
Q

It is found in organs like,

 External ear

 Tip of the nose or

 The “Adam’s apple” (thyroid cartilage of the larynx).

A

Cartilage

111
Q

Cartilage is found in organs like

A

External ear

 Tip of the nose or

 The “Adam’s apple” (thyroid cartilage of the larynx).

112
Q

this cartilage is
named for its clear,
glassy microscopic
appearance.

A

Hyaline cartilage

113
Q

its location is end of a rib to
the breastbone, around the
larynx,

A

Hyaline Cartilage

114
Q

it eases joint movements; holds airway open during respiration; moves vocal cords during speech , growth zones of long bones of children.

A

Hyaline Cartilage

115
Q

is
named for its
conspicuous elastic
fibers.

A

Elastic Cartilage

116
Q

locations: External ear;
epiglottis

A

Elastic cartilage

117
Q

it provides flexible, elastic support.

A

Elastic Cartilage

118
Q

for its
coarse, readily
visible bundles of
collagen.

A

Fibrocartilage

119
Q

locations: Pubic-symphysis, spinal column; menisci, or pads of shock-absorbing cartilage, knee joint.

A

Fibrocartilage

120
Q

it resists
compression and absorbs shock in some joints.

A

Fibrocartilage

121
Q

composed
of cells suspended in liquid
matrix called plasma

A

Connective tissue

122
Q

what blood cells carries
oxygen

A

Red blood cells

123
Q

other word for Red blood cells

A

(erythrocytes)

124
Q

what blood cells fights
infection

A

White blood cells

125
Q

other word for White blood cells

A

(leukocytes)

126
Q

are fragment of giant
cells found in bone marrow

A

Platelets

127
Q

cells are derived from B lymphocytes and are
responsible for the production of antibodies in the
immune response.

A

Plasma

128
Q

participate in the immune response and
protect against foreign invasion.

A

Lymphocytes

129
Q

are the first line of defense against
bacterial invasion

A

Neutrophils

130
Q

have anti-parasitic activity and moderate
allergic reactions

A

Eosinophils

131
Q

have a (primary) function similar to mast
cells; they mediate hypersensitivity reactions

A

Basophils

ZOOLOGY LAB (7 decks)

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