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Histology Exam 1 > Connective Tissue & Epithelium > Flashcards

Connective Tissue & Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

What are reticular fibers formed by?

A

Type III collagen

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2
Q

What fibers are very thin and are argyrophilic (silver-liking)?

A

Reticular fibers

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3
Q

What color are reticular fibers shown as in tissue (exp. in lymph node)?

A

Black

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4
Q

These fibers form the framework of lymph nodes and the spleen?

A

Reticular fibers

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5
Q

Reticular fibers compose the _____________, which underlies the basal lamina of the epithelium

A

Reticular lamina

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of connective tissue cells?

A

Resident & Permanent

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7
Q

Which cells are resident cells?

A

Fibroblasts, adipose, mast cells, macrophages, & other cells (exp. osteoblasts)

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8
Q

Which cells are permanent cells?

A

Plasma cells & leukocytes

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9
Q

Which cells are born in the bone marrow and migrate to connective tissue? (They are considered resident cells)

A

Mast cells & macrophages

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10
Q

What is the most abundant cell types in connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts

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11
Q

What cells make the ECM (ground substance & fibers)/

A

Fibroblasts

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12
Q

Contractile cells that contain bundles of actin microfilaments and dense bodies similar to those of smooth muscle cells

A

Myofibroblasts

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13
Q

Type of cells found around the kidneys, adrenal glands, aorta, neck and mediastinum

A

Brown fat

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14
Q

What are adipose cells derived from?

A

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

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15
Q

What type of cells have sympathetic nerve terminals?

A

Brown fat

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16
Q

Mesenchymal cells can become what types of cells?

A

Lipoblast or Fibroblast

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17
Q

What transports triglycerides in the blood from liver and intestine?

A

Lipoproteins (chylomicrons & VLDLs)

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18
Q

What are lipoproteins broken down into & by what enzyme?

A

LPL, into free FA’s & glycerol

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19
Q

What are tissue macrophages derived from?

A

Blood-borne monocytes

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20
Q

What occurs in response to foreign things or in some pathological conditions (tuberculosis, granulomas)?

A

Macrophages fuse to form large multinucleated cells

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21
Q

Large, ovoid cells with numerous cytoplasmic granules

A

Mast cells

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22
Q

What do mast cells release?

A

Granules containing: Histamine & slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis, Eosinophil & Neutrophil Chemotactic Factors, Heparin (anticoagulant)

23
Q

Where are mast cells typically found?

A

Along blood vessels

24
Q

Antibody producing cells derived from B-lymphocytes

A

Plasma cells

25
Q

Cells common in loose connective tissue of the gut and glands

A

Plasma cells

26
Q

What cells have an eccentric nucleus with “clockface” chromatin?

A

Plasma cells

27
Q

What contains desmosine & isodesmosine?

A

Elastic fibers

28
Q

What is the function of desmosine?

A

Allows stretching

29
Q

Mast cells have receptors for what?

A

IgE

30
Q

What is IgE produced by and what is it made in response to?

A

Plasma cells, made in response to an antigen (exp. been venom)

31
Q

What occurs during second exposure to an antigen?

A

Antigen binds to IgE receptors on the mast cell, triggering mast cell degranulation

32
Q

Where are plasma cells commonly found?

A

Gut loose connective tissue

33
Q

What cells are wandering cells of connective tissue?

A

Lymphocytes & Granulocytes (neutrophils & eosinophils)

34
Q

What is another name for neutrophils?

A

Polymorphonuclear cells

35
Q

Presence of this cell is part of immune surveillance system

A

Lymphocytes

36
Q

What is the function of B & T lymphocytes?

A

B - gives rise to plasma cells that synthesize immunoglobulin
T - involved in cell-mediated immunity

37
Q

What is the function of NK cells?

A

Destroy virus infected cells and some tumor cells

38
Q

Granulocytes with segmented nuclei

A

Neutrophils

39
Q

What are the first cells to arrive at a site of acute inflammation?

A

Neutrophils

40
Q

What cells leave circulation by a process called diapedesis (leaves endothelium and enters blood vessels)?

A

Neutrophils

41
Q

What is pus?

A

An accumulation of dead neutrophils

42
Q

What cells are active phagocytes that are sometimes called microphages? They can phagocytose some bacteria

A

Neutrophils

43
Q

Cell that have a bilobed nucleus and are named because of their large red granules

A

Eosinophils

44
Q

These cells are associated with:
Allergic reactions
Parasitic infections
Chronic inflammatory processes

A

Eosinophils

45
Q

These cells are often found in the lamina propria of the gut and increase with chronic inflammation

A

Eosinophils

46
Q

These cells are drawn in in by mast cells

A

Eosinophils

47
Q

What underlies most epithelia and is found around glands?

A

Loose connective tissue

48
Q

What cells are found in loose connective tissue?

A 
Mast cells
Plasma cells
Macrophages
Lymphocytes
Fibroblasts
49
Q

What cells are found in dense irregular CT?

A

Mostly fibroblasts

50
Q

What tissue has fiber bundles organized in many directions to resist stresses in many directions?

A

Dense irregular CT

51
Q

What cells are found in dense regular CT?

A

Predominantly fibroblasts

52
Q

What tissue has organized bundles of collagen fibers (bundles organized in direction of stress)?

A

Dense regular CT

53
Q

Where is epitendineum found?

A

At the top of dense regular tissue

Histology Exam 1 (3 decks)

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