Connective tissue cell types- Keagan

Question 1

three structural properties of connective tissue

Answer 1

-collagen- tensile strength
-elastin- elasticity
-ground substance- volume

Question 2

extracellular matrix made up of what

Answer 2

connective tissue
fibers (type of CT)
ground substance

Question 3

Elastin- role/tissues

Answer 3

type of connective tissue fiber
Glycoprotein Fibrillin is essential for formation of elastin
stretching and elastic recoil
thick skin, lung, bladder, blood vessels

Question 4

what chemicals cross-link to give elastin its stretchability

Answer 4

desmosine and isodesmosine

Question 5

Macromolecules that make up Ground Substance

Answer 5

-GAGs- hyaluronic acid
-Proteoglycans- perlecan and aggrecan
-Multi adhesive glycoproteins- laminin, fibronectin, integrins

proteoglycans associate with smaller GAGs

Question 6

what are Fixed cells

Answer 6

cells that differentiate from mesenchymal cells (stem cells)
formed and stay in the connective tissue
ex. adipocytes (fat cells), fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells

Question 7

what are transient cells/ wandering cells

Answer 7

same thing
migrate from blood stream to connective tissue in response to signal
ex. leukocytes

Question 8

germ layers during gastrulation

Answer 8

ectoderm- nervous system/skin
mesoderm- mesenchyme muscle, skeleton, kidneys, reproductive
endoderm- endocrine glands, lungs, digestive tract, liver

Question 9

what do fibroblasts produce

Answer 9

collagen and elastin

myofibroblasts important for wound contraction

Question 10

Mast cells role in immune defense

Answer 10

mast cell degranulation will release histamine and other vasoactive mediators that induce immediate hypersensitivity response (ex. anaphylactic shock, asthma, …)

Question 11

Adipocytes

Answer 11

fat cells
store triglycerides
have receptors for hormones that modulate fat release

Question 12

plasma cells product and activity

Answer 12

synthesize and secrete antibodies (immunoglobins)

Question 13

where is loose connective tissue found

Answer 13

layer beneath the epithelial lining of many organs and fills spaces between fibers of muscle and nerves

Question 14

dense irregular tissue- appearance, examples

Answer 14

randomly interwoven with no definite orientation

reticular layer of dermis

Question 15

Dense regular connective tissue- appearance- consists of mostly ___, examples

Answer 15

consists of mostly fibroblasts and collagen bundles aligned in parallel
ex. tendons , ligaments

Question 16

Mucoid (mucous) connective tissue- principle component of what structures

Answer 16

component of fetal umbilical cord known as whartons Jelly
also found in nucleus pulposus

very gelatinous

Question 17

Elastic connective tissue- appearance/examples

Answer 17

resemble dense regular CT (parrallel)
ex. ligamenta flava, nuchal ligament, suspensory ligament of dick

Question 18

Reticular connective tissue- what type of fibers/ purpose/ examples

Answer 18

reticular fibers (Type III)
supports motile cells and filters body fluids
ex. hematopoietic tissues- bonemarrow, spleen, lymph nodes

Question 19

Adipose connective tissue- Twop types- is important for

Answer 19

whits
-triglyceride storage/mobilization
-thermal insulator
-shock absorbing padding
Brown
- rich in mitochondria
-specialize in heat generation (temp regulation)