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Cell Bio II > Connective tissue > Flashcards

Connective tissue Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the embryological derivations of connective tissue?

A
  1. Mesoderm

2. Ectoderm (neural crest)

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2
Q

Which CT cell possesses the cellular machinery for the synthesis and secretion of fibers and ground substance?

A

Fibroblast (active)

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3
Q

Do active fibroblasts typically divide?

A

No

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4
Q

Under which circumstances would an active fibroblast divide?

A

Wound healing (fibroplasia)

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5
Q

Which is another term for a quiescent fibroblast?

A

Fibrocyte

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6
Q

What is another term for a fibrocyte?

A

Quiescent fibroblast

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7
Q

What are some characteristics of a fibrocyte compared to a fibroblast?

A
  1. Smaller
  2. Spindle-shaped
  3. Fewer processes
  4. Eosinophilic cytoplasm
  5. Elongated and heterochromatic nucleus
  6. Nucleoli not visible
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8
Q

What is a myofibroblast?

A

Cell that possesses characteristics of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cell

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9
Q

Where are myofibroblasts commonly found?

A

Sites of wound healing

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10
Q

What is a Dupuytren’s contracture?

A

Ischemic damage to palmar aponeurosis, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts replace Type I collagen with Type III. Contracture at MP joints due to excess deposition of Type III collagen crosslinking with myofibroblasts

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11
Q

Which digits are most commonly affected in a Dupuytren’s conracture?

A

4th and 5th digits

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12
Q

Unilocular adipocytes are associated with what type of adipose tissue?

A

White adipose tissue

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13
Q

Which type of adipocyte has a signet ring appearance?

A

Unilocular adipocytes

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14
Q

What hormone is secreted by adipocytes to decrease appetite?

A

Leptin

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15
Q

What is the function of leptin?

A

Appetite suppression

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16
Q

What type of cell secretes leptin?

A

Adipocyte

17
Q

What is lipodystrophy?

A

Loss of body fat

18
Q

What is the term for loss of body fat?

A

Lipodystrophy

19
Q

Which type of adipocyte contains a single large droplet not bound by a membrane by ensheated by vimentin fibers?

A

Unilocular adipocyte

20
Q

Are multilocular adipocytes smaller or larger than unilocular adipocytes?

A

Smaller

21
Q

Multilocular adipocytes have an abundance of what type of organelle?

A

Mitochondria

22
Q

Is the nucleus displaced in multilocular adipocytes?

A

No

23
Q

Is a mast cell a fixed or migratory CT cell?

A

Fixed

24
Q

From where are mast cells derived?

A

Bone marrow

25
Q

Where are mast cells usually located?

A

CT proper, adjacent to blood vessels and subepithelial layers of respiratory and GI tracts

26
Q

Are mast cells found in nervous tissue?

A

No

27
Q

Is a macrophage a fixed or migratory CT cell?

A

Fixed

28
Q

What are the cytological characteristics of a macrophage?

A
  1. Oval nucleus
  2. Clumps of heterochromatin along nuclear envelope
  3. Typically indented
  4. Eccentrically positioned in cytoplasm
29
Q

Which organelles are abundant in macrophages?

A
  1. Golgi
  2. rER
  3. Lysosomes
30
Q

What are two functions of macrophages?

A
  1. Phagocytose cellular debris

2. Antigen presentation (to lymphocytes)

31
Q

From what cell lineage are plasma cells?

A

B cells

32
Q

What are the cytological attributes of plasma cells?

A
  1. Large, ovoid
  2. Eccentrically located nucleus
  3. Clock face nucleus (heterochromatin dispersed around it)
  4. Very basophilic (a lot of rER)
  5. Prominent negative Golgi at light level
33
Q

Which cell type has a clockface nucleus?

A

Plasma cell

34
Q

Are antibodies secreted in a constitutive or regulated way by plasma cells?

A

Constiutive

35
Q

In the ‘first wave’ of leukocyte infiltration, what cell type is most abundant?

A

Neutrophils

36
Q

In the ‘second wave’ of leukocyte infiltration, what cell type is most abundant?

A

Monocytes

Cell Bio II (10 decks)

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