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DHBS 302 > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Connective tissue proper primary components

A
  • Cells
  • Extracellular matrix
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2
Q

2 types of fibroblasts

A
  • Inactive fibroblasts
  • Active fibroblasts
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3
Q

Components of extracellular matrix

A
  • Fibers
  • Ground substances
  • Signalling molecules
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4
Q

Most common type of collagen fiber?

A

Type I

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5
Q

Where is Type I collagen fibers found?

A

Found in bone, skin, dentin, cementum, cornea, blood vessels, fibrocartilage, tendons, and ligaments

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6
Q

What type of cells dos Type I collagen have?

A

Fibroblasts

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7
Q

Type I collagen fibers are…

A

Thick

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8
Q

Type I collagen fibers stain…

A

Pink

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9
Q

Type II collagen fiber cell type?

A

Made by fibroblasts

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10
Q

Type II collagen fibrils?

A

Thin

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11
Q

Type II collagen fibers is found…

A
  • Hyaline cartilage
  • Elastic cartilage
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12
Q

Type II collagen fibers stain…

A
  • Stain pink
  • Individual fibers not detectable until much higher magnification
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13
Q

Type III collagen fibers are found…

A

Found in lymphatic system, internal organs, adipose tissue

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14
Q

Type III collagen fiber cells?

A

Specialized fibroblasts called reticular cells

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15
Q

Type III collagen fiber function?

A

Support

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16
Q

Type III collagen fiber stain?

A
  • Not distinguishable from collagen in H&E
  • With silver stain, appears dark blue/black
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17
Q

Elastic fibers cells?

A

Fibroblasts

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18
Q

Elastic fibers are found..

A

Found with collagen fibers in all loose connective tissue

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19
Q

Elastic fibers can form…

A

Lamina/sheets

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20
Q

Ground substance components

A
  • Proteoglycans/aggregates
  • Extracellular
  • Glycoproteins
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21
Q

Example of proteoglycans?

A

Glycosaminoglycans/GAGs

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22
Q

Extracellular fluid contains what in ground substances?

A

Ions and water

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23
Q

Glycosaminoglycans/GAGs

A
  • Negative charge attracts cations (Na+), which attracts water
  • Protective barrier
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24
Q

Loose connective tissue proper location

A

Surrounds internal organs/vessels

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25
Q

Loose connective tissue proper cells

A
  • Lots of cells relative to fibers
  • Fibroblasts
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26
Q

Loose connective tissue proper fibers

A
  • Thinner, spaced out
  • Mostly Type I collagen with some elastic/reticular fibers
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27
Q

Loose connective tissue proper ground substance

A

Lots of ground substance

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28
Q

Loose connective tissue proper function

A
  • Support for organs, vessels
  • Allows for diffusion and cell migration
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29
Q

Dense regular connective tissue location

A

Tendons and ligaments

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30
Q

Dense regular connective tissue cells

A
  • Fewer relative to fibers
  • Fibroblasts
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31
Q

Dense regular connective tissue fibers

A
  • Thick, tightly packed
  • Mostly Type I collagen
  • Unidirectional
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32
Q

Dense regular connective tissue ground substance

A

Less ground substance

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33
Q

Dense regular connective tissue function

A
  • Strength and support
  • Stretch resistance
  • One direction
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34
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue location

A

Mainly dermis of skin

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35
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue cells

A
  • Fewer cells relative to fibers
  • Fibroblasts
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36
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue fibers

A
  • Thicker fibers, tightly packed
  • Mostly Type I collagen
  • Multidirectional
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37
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue ground substance

A

Less ground substance

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38
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue function

A
  • Strength and support
  • Moderate stretch resistance
  • Multiple directions
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39
Q

Reticular connective tissue location

A

Lymphatic system, internal organs, adipose tissue

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40
Q

Reticular connective tissue cells

A
  • Amount varies
  • Fibroblasts
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41
Q

Reticular connective tissue fibers

A
  • Thin, reticular fibers/Type III collagen
  • Delicate, net like structure
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42
Q

Reticular connective tissue ground substance

A

Lots of ground substance

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43
Q

Reticular connective tissue function

A

Support for internal organs and adipose tissue

44
Q

Elastic connective tissue location

A

Blood vessels, muscles, skin

45
Q

Elastic connective tissue cells

A

Fibroblasts

46
Q

Elastic connective tissue fibers

A

Can be arranged into sheets called lamella

47
Q

Elastic connective tissue ground substance

A

Amount varies

48
Q

Elastic connective tissue function

A

Stretch

49
Q

Adipose location

A

Throughout body

50
Q

Adipose cells

A

Cell dense adipocytes

51
Q

Adipose fibers

A

Type I, II, and III collagen

52
Q

Adipose ground substance

A

Less ground substance

53
Q

Adipose function

A
  • Lipid/energy storage
  • Thermal insulation
54
Q

RBCs/Erythrocytes

A
  • Contains hemoglobin
  • No nuclei
  • Supply oxygen, contains hemoglobin
55
Q

WBCs: Leukocytes

A

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

56
Q

WBCs function

A

Immunity

57
Q

Blood fiber type

A

Fibrin, only present during clotting

58
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Precursor to clotting, always present

59
Q

Blood ground substance

A

Plasma and platelets

60
Q

Plasma

A
  • Mostly water
  • Electrocytes
  • Proteins
  • Transports these substances throughout body
61
Q

Platelets

A
  • Cell fragments
  • Important for clotting
62
Q

Blood functions

A

Oxygen supply, immunity, nutrients, protein transport

63
Q

Cartilage functions

A
  • Resists compressive and shearing forces
  • Enhance bone resilience
  • Provide support in around bone where flexibility is needed
64
Q

Cartilage components

A
  • Fibers
  • Ground substance
  • Cells
65
Q

What is cartilages’ ground substance rich in? Why?

A
  • Hyaluronic acid
  • Binds H2O to solidify substances
66
Q

Hyaline cartilage location

A

Nose, larynx, trachea, surfaces of joints

67
Q

Most prevalent type of cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage

68
Q

Hyaline cartilage cells

A
  • Fewer cells
  • Chondroblasts and chondrocytes
69
Q

Hyaline cartilage fibers

A

Type II collagen

70
Q

Hyaline cartilage ground substances

A
  • Rich in hyaluronic acid
  • Lots of ground substance
71
Q

Hyaline cartilage function

A
  • Support
  • Flexibility
  • Friction reduction
72
Q

Elastic cartilage location

A

External ear and epiglottis

73
Q

Elastic cartilage cells

A
  • Lots of cells
  • Chondroblasts
  • Chondrocytes
74
Q

Elastic cartilage fibers

A
  • Mostly elastic
  • Some Type II collagen
75
Q

Elastic cartilage ground substances

A
  • Rich in hyaluronic acid
  • Less ground substance
76
Q

Elastic cartilage function

A

Flexible structure

77
Q

What does hyaline cartilage not have?

A

No vasculature

78
Q

How do hyaline cartilage cells get nutrients?

A

Diffusion

79
Q

Fibrocartilage location

A
  • Intervertebral disks
  • Insertions of tendons and ligaments into bone
80
Q

Fibrocartilage cells

A
  • Fewer cells
  • Chondrocytes
81
Q

Fibrocartilage fibers

A
  • Lots of fibers
  • Mostly Type I collagen
  • Some Type II collagen
82
Q

Fibrocartilage ground substances

A
  • Rich in hyaluronic acid
  • Less ground substance
83
Q

Fibrocartilage function

A
  • Strength and support transitional areas
  • Resists compression and shearing forces
  • Shock absorbance
84
Q

Organic component of bone (Osteoid)

A

Type I collagen fibers and other proteins

85
Q

Inorganic component of bone (Bone matrix)

A

Ground substance rich in hydroxyapatite, which is calcium and a phosphorous compound

86
Q

Osteoblasts

A
  • Produce and secrete osteoid
  • Collagen fibers, ground substance
87
Q

Osteocytes

A
  • Maintains matrix
  • Ossified bone
88
Q

Osteoclasts

A
  • Reabsorb bone
  • Bone breakdown and turnover
89
Q

Organic components are decalcified or non-decalcified?

A

Non-decalcified

90
Q

Inorganic components are decalcified or non-decalcified?

A

Decalcified

91
Q

Where are osteoblasts located?

A

Near the surface of the bone

92
Q

Osteoblasts are…

A

Mononuclear

93
Q

Osteocytes are…

A

Mononuclear

94
Q

Where are osteocytes located?

A

Inside bone

95
Q

Osteocytes are visible in…

A

Non-decalcified bone preps

96
Q

Osteoclasts are…

A

Multinuclear

97
Q

Where are osteoclasts located?

A

On surface on bone

98
Q

Compact bone

A
  • Solid bone
  • Exterior
99
Q

Spongy bone

A
  • Spicules of bone with spaces inbetween
  • Interior
100
Q

Compact bones have…

A
  • Osteons
  • Concentric lamella with Type I collagen fibers
101
Q

Osteocyte cell bodes are located in…

A

Lacunae

102
Q

What is the primary microscopic structural unit of compact bone?

A

Osteons

103
Q

Spongy bone is a lattice like network because what is inside?

A

Bone marrow

104
Q

What are the two degrees of bone maturity

A
  • Woven, immature
  • Lamellar, mature
105
Q

Woven category of bone characteristics

A
  • Rounded osteocytes
  • No distinct lamellae
  • Immature
106
Q

Lamellar category of bone characteristics

A
  • Flattened osteocytes
  • Distinct lamellae
  • Mature

DHBS 302 (3 decks)

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