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DHBS 302 > Basic Tissues and Body Membranes > Flashcards

Basic Tissues and Body Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

3 basic cell compartments

A
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Plasma membrane
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2
Q

Ribosomes are made of…

A

2 subunits of RNA and proteins

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3
Q

Ribosome function

A

Synthesizes proteins

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4
Q

Ribosomes are located

A
  • Free in the cytoplasm
  • Intracellular membranes
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5
Q

Polysomes

A

Free ribosomes in cytoplasm

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6
Q

Free ribosomes called polysomes do not have…

A

A membrane

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7
Q

Polysome function

A

Synthesize proteins for use
inside the cell

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8
Q

Membrane ribosomes are located…

A

On fold of membranes called rough endoplasmic reticulum

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9
Q

Membrane ribosome function

A

Synthesize protein for secretion outside of the cell and for plasma membrane

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10
Q

What is continuous with the rough ER

A

Outer membrane (cytoplasmic surface) of the nuclear envelope

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11
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is not associated with…

A

Ribosomes on it’s membranes

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12
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions

A
  • Lipid metabolism
  • Synthesizes steroids
  • No ribosomes
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13
Q

Golgi apparatus functions

A
  • Packages proteins into secretory vesicles (granules)
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14
Q

What is the golgi apparatus composed of?

A

flattened membrane sacs and spheres called vesicles

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15
Q

The Golgi apparatus appears as….

A

A pale area on the apical side of the nucleus

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16
Q

What are the steps to excrete a protein?

A
  • Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  • Golgi apparatus
  • Secretory vesicles
  • Plasma membrane
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17
Q

Lysosomes

A

Membrane spheres in cytoplasm that are filled with degradative enzymes

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18
Q

Lysosomes functions

A

Combine with and digest old/worn-out cellular components and foreign material taken into the cell (phagocytosis)

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19
Q

Mitochondria had how many membranes?

A

2

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20
Q

What does the inner membrane of the mitochondria form? Why?

A

Cristae, to increase surface area

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21
Q

Mitochondria function

A

Generate ATP for energy

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22
Q

Cytoskeleton composiiton

A

Filaments: Solid rods
Microtubules: Hollow tubes

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23
Q

Cytoskeleton functions

A
  • Cell support
  • Movement, muscle contraction
  • Intracellular transport
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24
Q

Spindle apparatus

A
  • Part of cytoskeleton
  • Formed from microtubules connecting the chromosomes to the centromere
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25
Q

Lipids

A

Store source of energy and a good insulator

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26
Q

Steroids

A

Signaling

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27
Q

What do lipids look like on samples? Why?

A

Empty space from dehydration step

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28
Q

What are the two tissue components?

A
  • Cells, functional component
  • Extracellular matrix
29
Q

Extracellular matrix contains…

A
  • Fibers: Collagen, reticular, eleastic
  • Ground substance
  • Signaling molecules
30
Q

Ground substances

A

Substance outside the cell that doesn’t have a specific morphology

31
Q

Extracellular matrix function

A

Structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells

32
Q

Epithelial tissue cell density

A

Many, densely packed cells

33
Q

Epithelial tissue extracellular matrix

A

Very little ECM

34
Q

Epithelial tissue functions

A

Lines all body surfaces

35
Q

Epithelial tissue classification types are based on

A

Number of layer shape of cells

36
Q

Connective tissue cell density

A

Spread out cells

37
Q

Connective tissue extracellular matrix

A

Lots of ECM

38
Q

Connective tissue function

A

Support, protection, and connective

39
Q

Connective tissue classification type

A

Connective tissue proper, blood, cartilage, bone, etc.

40
Q

Muscle tissue cell density

A

Many cells

41
Q

Muscle tissue extracellular matrix

A

Little ECM

42
Q

Muscle tissue function

A

Contraction

43
Q

Muscle tissue classification type

A

Smooth, cardiac, and skeletal

44
Q

Nervous tissue cell density

A

Many cells

45
Q

Nervous tissue extracellular matrix

A

Little ECM

46
Q

Nervous tissue function

A

Information processing and transduction

47
Q

Nervous tissue classification types

A

CNS
PNS

48
Q

Serous membranes location

A

Lines body cavities not open to exterior

49
Q

Serous membranes composition/layers

A

Simple epithelium and connective tissue

50
Q

Serous membranes functions

A

Lubrication for less friction during organ movement

51
Q

Mucous membranes location

A

Lines hollow organs opening to exterior

52
Q

Mucous membranes composition/layers

A

Epithelium, lamina propria, and sometimes muscular mucosal

53
Q

Mucous membranes function

A

Secretion, protection, absorption

54
Q

Cutaneous membrane location

A

Lines external surfaces of body

55
Q

Cutaneous membrane composition/layers

A

Epidermis and dermis

56
Q

Cutaneous membrane function

A

Protection

57
Q

Simple epithelium

A

Single layer

58
Q

Stratified epithelium

A

Multilayered

59
Q

Flattened epithelial cells

A

Squamous

60
Q

Cubed shape epithelial cells

A

Cuboidal

61
Q

Column shaped epithelial cells

A

Columnar

62
Q

Blood

A

Specialized connective tissue

63
Q

Bone

A

Supportive connective tissue

64
Q

Cartilage

A

Supportive connective tissue

65
Q

Dentin

A

Supportive connective tissue

66
Q

Examples of serous membranes

A

Pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, peritoneal cavity

67
Q

What membrane has hair?

A

Cutaneous membrane

68
Q

What structures are located in the dermis of the cutaneous membrane

A

Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands

69
Q

Dermis is what kind of tissue?

A

Connective tissue

DHBS 302 (3 decks)

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