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Anatomy > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

All connective tissue comes from a common orgin

A

mesenchyme (embryonic tissue)

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2
Q

General function of connective tissue

A

protect, bind and support organs (pbs)

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3
Q

Types of connective tissue (3)

A

connective tissue proper, supporting connective tissue, fluid connective tissue.

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4
Q

Types of connective tissue proper (2)

A

loose and dense

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5
Q

Loose connective tissue has __fibers and __ground substance.

A

Less; more

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6
Q

Types of loose connective tissue (3)

A

adipose, areolar, reticular

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7
Q

Adipose (fat) connective tissue structure

A

close adipocytes
nucleus to one side by the lipid vacuole (fat droplet).

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8
Q

Adipose (fat) connective tissue location

A

subcutaneous fat layer, covers and surrounds some organs;

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9
Q

Adipose (fat) connective tissue function

A

stores energy, protects, cushions and insulates.

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10
Q

Areolar connective tissue structure

A

Gel-like ground substance
Fibroblasts
Vascular
Collagen and elastic fibers

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11
Q

Areolar connective tissue function

A

Surrounds and protects (like packaging), connects epithelia to deeper tissues

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12
Q

Areolar connective tissue location

A

Papillary layer of dermis, subcutaneous layer under skin; surrounds organs.

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13
Q

Reticular connective tissue structure

A

Gel-like ground substance
fibroblasts
reticular fibers
leukocytes
**darkest stain on slides

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14
Q

Reticular connective tissue function

A

Provides supportive framework for spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow

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15
Q

Reticular connective tissue location

A

Forms stroma of lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow.

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16
Q

Types of dense connective tissues (3)

A

regular, irregular and elastic

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17
Q

Dense connective tissue general structure

A

fibers, fibroblasts and ground substance

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18
Q

Dense regular connective tissue structure

A

Densely parallel collagen fibers
fibroblast nuclei are between fibers
scarce ground substance.

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19
Q

Dense regular connective tissue function

A

Attaches muscle to bone and bone to bone; resists stress applied in one direction

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20
Q

Dense regular connective tissue location

A

Tendons, most ligaments.

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21
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue structure

A

Random collagen fibers
Fibroblast nuclei within fibers
More ground substance
**Marbled steak appearance.

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22
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue function

A

Provides support and withstands stresses applied in all directions; durable

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23
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue location

A

Dermis; periosteum covering bone; perichondrium covering cartilage, and forms organ capsules

24
Q

Elastic connective tissue structure

A

branching elastic fibers; fibroblasts between fibers.
**ramon noodle appearance.

25
Q

Elastic connective tissue function

A

Allows stretching of some organs.

26
Q

Elastic connective tissue location

A

Walls of large and medium arteries; trachea; bronchial tubes; true vocal cords; suspensory ligaments of penis.

27
Q

Types of supporting connective tissue (2)

A

cartilage and bone

28
Q

Bone (osseous tissue) types

A

compact and spongy

29
Q

Bone cells connect to each other and ultimately with blood vessels (in the __) through passageways called __.

A

central canal; canaliculi

30
Q

Compact bone

A

Calcified matrix arranged in osteons; Supports soft structures; protects vital organs; provides levers for movement; stores calcium and phosphorus.

31
Q

Spongy bone

A

Located on bones of the body; Site of hematopoiesis (blood cell production); Lacks the organization of compact bone, contains macroscopic spaces, bone arranged in a meshwork pattern.

32
Q

Types of cartilage tissue (3)

A

hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic.

33
Q

Hyaline cartilage structure

A

Glassy-appearing matrix; lacunae house chondrocytes; usually surrounded by perichondrium.

34
Q

Hyaline cartilage function

A

Smooth surfaces for movement at joints; model for bone growth; supports soft tissue.

35
Q

Hyaline cartilage location

A

Most of fetal skeleton; covers articular ends of long bones; costal cartilage; most of the larynx, trachea, nose.

36
Q

Fibrocartilage structure

A

Readily visible, parallel collagen fibers in matrix; lacunae house chondrocytes, often arranged in parallel rows; no perichondrium because stress applied at the surface of the fibrocartilage would destroy this tissue layer.

37
Q

Fibrocartilage function

A

Resists compression; absorbs shock in some joints.

38
Q

Fibrocartilage location

A

Intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; menisci of knee joints; Fibrocartilage exists in isolated regions where extra strength is needed and where tendons and ligaments are subject to compression.

39
Q

Elastic cartilage connective tissue structure

A

Contains abundant highly branched elastic fibers; elastic fibers form web-like mesh around the chondrocytes within the lacunae; surrounding perichondrium present.

40
Q

Elastic cartilage connective tissue function

A

Elastic cartilage connective tissue

41
Q

Elastic cartilage connective tissue location

A

External ear; epiglottis of the larynx.

42
Q

Fluid connective tissue type

A

blood and lymph

43
Q

Blood

A

blood vessels and the heart; transports, immune response, clotting.

44
Q

The extra cellular matrix is formed by

A

Ground substance and protein fibers

45
Q

Ground substance

A

A mixture of proteins and carbohydrates with variable amounts of salts and water

46
Q

Three types of fibers produced by cells and secreted into the extracellular matrix include

A

collagen, elastic, reticular fibers

47
Q

Collagen fiber structure and function

A

long, strong, flexible cables; most abundant protein; tendons and ligaments

48
Q

Elastic fiber structure and function

A

Thinner than collagen, stretch easily, branch,
and rejoin; allow structures such as blood vessels to relax

49
Q

Reticular fiber structure and function

A

Thinner than collagen fibers; form a
branching, woven framework; Found in the stroma of organs with abundant spaces such as liver, lymph nodes, and spleen

50
Q

Stroma

A

supportive tissue

51
Q

Connective tissue components

A

Extracellular matrix: ground substance and protein fibers (elastic, collagen, reticular). Cell, blood vessel, macrophage, adipocyte, fibroblast.

52
Q

Fibroblasts

A

CT proper; a type of cell that is responsible for making the extracellular matrix and collagen

53
Q

Adipocytes

A

adipose tissue

54
Q

Chondrocytes

A

cartilage

55
Q

Osteocyte

A

bone

56
Q

Erythrocytes

A

blood

Anatomy (9 decks)

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