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Anatomy > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

All connective tissue comes from a common origin

A

mesenchyme (embryonic tissue)

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2
Q

General function of connective tissue

A

protect, bind and support organs (pbs)

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3
Q

Types of connective tissue (3)

A

connective tissue proper, supporting connective tissue, fluid connective tissue.

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4
Q

Types of connective tissue proper (2)

A

loose and dense

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5
Q

Types of loose connective tissue (3)

A

adipose, areolar, reticular

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6
Q

Adipose (fat) connective tissue structure

A

close adipocytes
nucleus to one side by the lipid vacuole (fat droplet).

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7
Q

Adipose (fat) connective tissue location

A

subcutaneous fat layer, covers and surrounds some organs;

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8
Q

Adipose (fat) connective tissue function

A

stores energy, protects, cushions and insulates.

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9
Q

Areolar connective tissue structure

A

Gel-like ground substance
Fibroblasts
Vascular
Collagen and elastic fibers

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10
Q

Areolar connective tissue function

A

Surrounds and protects tissues, organs, nerves and blood vessels
Binds epithelia to deeper tissues

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11
Q

Areolar connective tissue location

A

Subcutaneous layer
Papillary layer of dermis
Surrounds organs

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12
Q

Reticular connective tissue structure

A

Gel-like ground substance
Reticular fibers
ECM (extracurricular matrix)
**darkest stain on slides

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13
Q

Reticular connective tissue function

A

Provides supportive framework

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14
Q

Reticular connective tissue location

A

Forms stroma of lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow.

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15
Q

Types of dense connective tissues (3)

A

regular, irregular and elastic

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16
Q

Dense connective tissue general structure

A

fibroblasts, ground substance, fibers

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17
Q

Dense regular connective tissue structure

A

Dense parallel collagen fibers
Fibroblast
Ground substance

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18
Q

Dense regular connective tissue function

A

Attaches muscle-to-bone and bone-to-bone; resists stress applied in one direction

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19
Q

Dense regular connective tissue location

A

Tendons, most ligaments.

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20
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue structure

A

Random collagen fibers
Fibroblasts within fibers
More ground substance
**Marbled steak appearance.

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21
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue function

A

Withstands stress in all directions

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22
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue location

A

Dermis; periosteum covering bone; perichondrium covering cartilage, and forms organ capsules

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23
Q

Elastic connective tissue structure

A

Parallel elastic fibers
Fibroblasts
Ground substance

24
Q

Elastic connective tissue function

A

Allows stretching of some organs.

25
Q

Elastic connective tissue location

A

Walls of elastic arteries; trachea; bronchial tubes; true vocal cords; suspensory ligaments of penis.

26
Q

Types of supporting connective tissue (2)

A

cartilage and bone

27
Q

Bone (osseous tissue) types

A

compact and spongy

28
Q

Compact bone location

A

Exterior bones of the body

29
Q

Compact bone structure

A

calcified matrix arranged in; osteons
osteocytes in lacunae
lamellae (concentric)
central canal
canaliculi

30
Q

Compact bone function

A

Support soft structures;
Store minerals
Protect vital organs;
Provide levers for movement;

31
Q

Types of cartilage tissue (3)

A

hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic.

32
Q

Hyaline cartilage structure

A

Glassy-appearing matrix
lacunae house chondrocytes
Visible perichondrium

33
Q

Hyaline cartilage function

A

Supports soft tissue; Smooth surfaces for movement at joints; model for bone growth.

34
Q

Hyaline cartilage location

A

Most of fetal skeleton; covers articular ends of long bones; costal cartilage; most of the larynx, trachea, nose.

35
Q

Fibrocartilage structure

A

collagen fibers (parallel)
extracellular matrix
lacunae
chondrocytes

36
Q

Fibrocartilage function

A

Resists compression; absorbs shock in some joints.

37
Q

Fibrocartilage location

A

Intervertebral discs;
pubic symphysis;
menisci of knee joint

38
Q

Elastic cartilage connective tissue structure

A

elastic fibers (branching)
lacunae
chondrocytes

39
Q

Elastic cartilage connective tissue function

A

maintains structure and shape
while permitting flexibility

40
Q

Elastic cartilage connective tissue location

A

External ear; epiglottis of the larynx.

41
Q

Fluid connective tissue type

A

blood and lymph

42
Q

Blood location

A

within blood vessels (arteries,
veins, and capillaries), and the heart

43
Q

Blood structure

A

erythrocytes
leukocytes
platelets
plasma (matrix

44
Q

Blood function

A

clotting and transport of nutrients
gas transport
hormones
immune response
wastes

45
Q

The extra cellular matrix is formed by

A

Ground substance and protein fibers

46
Q

Ground substance

A

A mixture of proteins and carbohydrates with variable amounts of salts and water

47
Q

Three types of fibers produced by cells and secreted into the extracellular matrix include

A

collagen, elastic, reticular fibers

48
Q

Collagen fiber structure and function

A

long, strong, flexible cables; most abundant protein

49
Q

Elastic fiber structure and function

A

Thinner than collagen, stretch easily, branch, and rejoin; allow structures such as blood vessels to relax

50
Q

Reticular fiber structure and function

A

Thinner than collagen fibers; form a branching, woven framework

51
Q

Stroma

A

supportive tissue

52
Q

Connective tissue components

A

Extracellular matrix: ground substance and protein fibers. Cell, blood vessel, macrophage, adipocyte, fibroblast.

53
Q

Fibroblasts

A

a type of cell that is responsible for making the extracellular matrix and collagen (all CT proper has fibroblast except blood)

54
Q

Adipocytes

A

fat cells

55
Q

Chondrocytes

A

cartilage cells

56
Q

Osteocyte

A

bone cells

57
Q

Erythrocytes

A

blood cells

Anatomy (12 decks)

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