Connective Tissue Flashcards
What is loose connective tissue?
Areolar, adipose, and reticular
What dense connective tissue?
Regular, irregular, and elastic
What is supportive connective tissues?
Cartilage- Hyaline, fibrocartilage, elastic
Bones- Compact bone, cancellous/spongy bone
Fluid connective tissue
Blood & Lymph
What is Areolar connective tissue?
Underlies most epithelia- represents the connective tissue component of epithelial membranes
Where is Areolar connective tissue found?
Fills space between muscle fibers, surrounds blood & lymph vessels, supports organs in the abdominal cavity
Areolar connective tissue is ______ specialized CT in adults
Least
What are collagen fibers?
Straight and unbranched, wound like a rope from protein subunits, great tensile strength, resists stretching, holds connective tissue together during the movements of the body
What are elastic fibers?
Contain the protein elastin along with lesser amounts of other proteins and glycoproteins. After being stretched or compressed, it will return to its original shape
What are reticular fibers?
Same protein subunit as collagen fibers, they are narrow and arrayed in a branching network
What are Mesenchymal cells?
Multipotent adult stem cells can differentiate into any type of connective tissue cells needed for repair
What are Fibroblasts?
Secrete polysaccharides and proteins to form extracellular matrix collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans
What do Fibroblasts produce?
Secretion produces a viscous ground substance
What are Macrophages?
Component of the immune system, large phagocytic cells
What happens when Macrophages are stimulated?
They release cytokines to recruit other immune system cells to infected sites and stimulate their activities
What is the Mast Cell?
Part of the immune system has many cytoplasmic granules
What are Histamines?
An inflammatory mediator that causes vasodilation and increased blood flow at the site of injury or infection along with itching, swelling, and redness
What are Heparins?
An anticoagulant that enhances local blood flow during inflammation and reduces the development of blood clots in areas of slow-moving blood
What are Lymphocytes?
Numbers increase markedly wherever tissue damage occurs, they may develop into antibody-producing plasma cells
What are Microphages (neutrophils and eosinophils)?
Attracted to the site of an infection or injury by chemicals released by macrophages and mast cells
What are Proteoglycans?
Polysaccharides ( negative charge attracts H2O) and proteins combine
What is Ground Substance?
Proteoglycan attracts and traps water forming the ground substance which absorbs shock