Connective tissue Flashcards
Name the 3 structural properties of connective tissue?
Tensile strength, elasticity and volume
Name the four main types of connective tissues?
connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone and blood
name the two fibres found in ECM
Collagen and elastin
what is collagen made up of?
Amino acids
What characteristic does collagen have in the ECM?
provides tensile strength
How many types of collagen are there?
Where is collagen I found
bones, tendons, organs
Where is collagen II found
hyaline cartilage
Where is collagen III found
reticular fibres (liver, uterus, bowel - tissues that must withstand stretching)
Where is collagen IV found
base membranes
What is the property of elastin that makes is a suitable fibre
elasticity
What is the function of elastin
for stretch and recoil (elastin fibrils - function like rubber)
What makes up the volume in there ECM
glycoproteins and complex carbohydrates hyaluronic acid and glucosamine
What two components make up ECM
ground substance and fibres (elastin and collagen)
What is in ground substance?
Structural glycoproteins - fibrillin (elastin) and fibronectin - binding cites for Connective tissue
what are integrins
cell adhesion molecules
what is the function of chondrocytes?
Maintain ECM in cartilage
function of fibroblasts
secrete fibres & components of ground substance
function of odontoblasts
synthesis dentin in teeth
function of adipocytes
maintain ECM in adipose tissue
function of osteoclasts
breakdown ECM in bone
‘blasts’ meaning
synsthesise
‘cystes’ meaning
maintain
clasts meaning
breakdown
properties of connective tissues
highly vascularised, blood vessels & lymphatics, immune cells (surgery tissues for invading pathogens/cell damage)
(Except cartilage, tendons & bone)
what are the two different groups of connective tissue proper
loose or dense
what are the types of loose connective proper tissue you can get?
areolar, adipose and reticular
what is areolar connective tissue proper
supports & binds other tissues (submucosa)
what
what is reticular tissue (loose)
branched (type 3 collagen)
what are the types of dense connective proper tissue you can get?
regular, irregular and elastic
what is dense regular tissue
run same direction (tendons & ligaments)
what is dense irregular tissue
run in different direction (skin)
what is dense elastic tissue
recoil after stretching (arteries, skin and lungs)
What are the two types of skeletal connective tissue
Cartilage and bone
what is fluid connective tissue
blood
what is a connective tissue disorder that has oral manifestations?
Scurvy - lack of vitamin C (leads to defective collagen formation) Vitamin C is a co-factor of collagen synthesis.
What physical properties does collagen have?
triple helix (3 amino acids - glycine, proline and hydroxyproline)
What occurs when collagen is not present in connective tissue?
blood vessels, tendons and skin become fragile
How do you treat scurvy?
Vitamin C supplements
What oral manifestations will be present in a patient with untreated scurvy?
Left untreated, scurvy can lead to bleeding gums, loosened teeth and bleeding under your skin.
what are the characteristics of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
autoimmune disease, dryness and soreness in mouth. Buccal and palatal lesions
What are the characteristic of Sjorgrens
autoimmune
dry eyes & mouth
dental caries & candidiasis
Affects glands that produce tears and saliva (exocrine)
what is adipose tissue?
otherwise known as body fat, is a connective tissue that extends throughout your body. It’s found under your skin (subcutaneous fat), between your internal organs (visceral fat) and even in the inner cavities of bones (bone marrow adipose tissue).
what is the function of adipose tissue
They provide energy storage, insulation from extreme temperatures and cushioning around soft organs.
