Connective Tissue

Question 1

Where is collagen 1,2,3,4 found in the connective tissues

Answer 1

Type 1: tendon, skin
Type 2: elastic & hyaline cartilage
Type 3: skin, lungs, intestinal walls, walls of BV
Type 4: skin

Question 2

Difference between dense irregular and dense regular connective tissue

Answer 2

Dense irregular tissue: Collagen 1, varying direction, found in deep layer of dermis & mucosa of intestine
Dense regular tissue: one direction, parallel, fond in tendons, ligaments and aponeurones

Question 3

Difference between white adipose and brown adipose tissue

Answer 3

White: Energy storage, big droplet with peripheral nucleus, more in adults
Brown: Body temp. regulation, central nucleus, lots of mitochondria, lipid breakdown accelerated, non-shivering thermogenesis

Question 4

Collagen synthesis

Answer 4

1. Synthesis (Preprocollagen)
2. Hydroxylation, required Vitamin C
3. Glycosylation (Procollagen)
4. Exocytosis
5. Proteolytic processing (Tropocollagen)
6. Cross-linking (Collagen fibre)

Question 5

Cause of scurvy and signs & symptoms

Answer 5

Cause: lack of vitamin C ➡️ lack of activity of prolyl hydroxylase ➡️ less collagen synthesised

S&S: gum disease, bruising of skin, bleeding, poor wound healing

Question 6

Marfan’s Syndrome

Answer 6

Autosomal dominant, abnormal expression of FIBRILIN 1 GENE, elastic tissue abnormal

S&S: abnormally tall, arachnodactyly (fingered are long, slender, curved), wing span>height, high risk of AORTIC RUPTURE

Question 7

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 7

Main genetic cause: Autosomal dominant, col1A gene

S&S: weakened bones, blue sclera (collagen in the sclera thin so can see underling choroid vasculature), hearing loss, hypermobility, poor teeth development