connective tissue

Question 1

name 4 types of connective tissue

Answer 1

bone, ligament, fat, blood

Question 2

role of ligaments and bones

Answer 2

bind and support other tissues

Question 3

role of fat

Answer 3

protects and insulates organs

Question 4

blood

Answer 4

transport nutrients

Question 5

describe mature class cells and describe their role

Answer 5

mature class cells end in cyte for example, osteocytes in bones and chondrocytes in cartilage. Their role is to maintain matrix

Question 6

describe mature class cells and describe their role

Answer 6

immature class cells end in blast eg. osteoblasts in bones and chondroblasts in cartilage. Their role is to secrete matrix

Question 7

describe the matrix and it’s role

Answer 7

protein fibres embedded in ground substance which is fluid/gel/solid composed of proteoglycans. It is amorphous so has no specific shape, it supports cells and binds cells together, it’s a medium for substance exchange between blood and cells

Question 8

describe collagen fibres

Answer 8

collagen fibres and strong, they consist of the protein collagen, they are tough and resistant to tension forces, they are arranged in bundles, still allow some flexibility

Question 9

describe elastic fibres

Answer 9

elastic fibres are flexible, they are made of the protein elastin, they can be stretched to 150% of their length without breaking

Question 10

name 3 types of cartilage and give examples of where you’d find each each

Answer 10

hyaline/ articular cartilage eg. ends of bones, fibrocartilage eg. discs of spine and found in acetabluam labrum, elastic cartilage eg.ears

Question 11

describe fibro cartilage

Answer 11

fibro cartilage forms discs an rings between joints such as spinal discs. It has great strength and some elasticity and it can resists considerable pressure. Its made up of chondrocytes and its matrix has bundles of thick collagen fibres. An injury would be a disc prolapse

Question 12

describe hyaline cartilage

Answer 12

hyaline cartilage covers articular surfaces at joints, reduces friction and absorbs shock. The ground substance is a resilient gel with fine collagen fibres and it is made up of chondrocytes. An injury to hyaline cartilage would be osteoarthritis

Question 13

name the 3 types of dense connective tissue and give examples

Answer 13

dense regular CT eg. ligaments and tendons, dense irregular CT

Question 14

describe dense regular connective tissue

Answer 14

it’s made of collagen fibres to give great ensile strength allowing ligaments to attach bone to bone to stabilise joints and allow tendons to attach muscle to bone and transmit tensile loads

Question 15

describe dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 15

it t has collagen fibres randomly arranged so is strong in multiple directions allowing fascia to protect muscles and hold groups of muscles together and to create a joint capsule

Question 16

what are the roles of the skeleton

Answer 16

support, protection, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage, endocrine regulation

Question 17

what makes up the axial skeleton

Answer 17

skull, vertebral spinal column, sternum, ribs

Question 18

what makes up the appendicular skeleton

Answer 18

limbs