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HENT > Conjunctival Disorders > Flashcards

Conjunctival Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common etiology of conjunctivitis?

A

Viral, 80% of acute cases

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2
Q

What is the most common viral pathogen causing conjunctivitis?

A

Adenoviruses

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3
Q

Are children or adults more likely to be infected with bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Adults

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4
Q

What is the most common cause of bacterial conjunctivitis in neonates?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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5
Q

How long are you contagious with a viral conjunctivitis (“pink eye”) infection?

A

Highly contagious for 10-14 days

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6
Q

What pathogen can cause acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis?

A

Picornaviruses (extremely rare)

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7
Q

What lymph nodes maybe reactive and tender during a viral conjunctivitis infection?

A

Preauricular lymph nodes

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8
Q

Is laboratory testing indicated in viral conjunctivitis?

A

No, only indicated if suspect chlamydial infection (newborn) or if infection lasts greater than 4 weeks

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9
Q

What is the treatment for viral conjunctivitis?

A

Symptomatic relief and preventing spread

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10
Q

Is itching more associated with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Viral

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11
Q

What are the classic exam findings in bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Conjunctival erythema and purulent discharge, “glued eyes” in the morning

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12
Q

What is the treatment of of uncomplicated bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Usually will resolve in one week with no treatment, if treatment is indicated treat with topical antibiotics

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13
Q

What is the treatment of complicated cases of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Topical antibiotics (Polymyxin B combinations or Fluoroquinolones)

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14
Q

What is the treatment of gonorrhea bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

Admit to hospital
Single dose IV/IM ceftriaxone
Eye irrigation until resolution

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15
Q

What is the treatment of chlamydia bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

PO or IV erythromycin plus topical erythromycin for 14 days

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16
Q

What is the treatment for epidemic (viral) keratoconjunctivitis?

A

Prevent spread, no effective treatment
Symptomatic treatment with artificial tears, cool compresses, topical antihistamines

17
Q

What is the initial treatment for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes)?

A

Artificial tears, gels, ointments
Warm compresses, lid scrubs
Oral flaxseed oil and fish oil supplements

18
Q

What are some medication treatments available for keratoconjunctivitis sicca?

A

Steroid-sparing dampening agents (cyclosporine, tacrolimus)
Topical steroids
Doxycycline

HENT (8 decks)

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