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AP Gov > Congress > Flashcards

Congress Flashcards

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1
Q

Great Compromise

A

Connecticut Compromise; Bicameral; modeled off Great Britains Lords and Commons

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2
Q

Senate

A

upper house; lords; bigger deal; 30 years, 9 years citizenship, 6 year office; 1/3 for reelection

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3
Q

House

A

lower house; commons, 25, 7 year citizenship, all reelection every 2 year 1/1 for reelection

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4
Q

Powers of House

A

revenue bills, impeaches, picks president with no majority

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5
Q

Powers of Senate

A

“picks” VP, Ratify Treaties, Approve Presidential Nominee, Trials for Impeachment

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6
Q

Article 1, Section 8

A

expressed powers of congress; limited government(only can do what const. says); Elastic Clause

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7
Q

Expressed Powers

A

powers directly listed in constitution; 27

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8
Q

Elastic Clause

A

necessary and proper; implied powers

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9
Q

Implied Powers

A

powers not explicitly stated in the constitution; McCulloch v Maryland

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10
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

congress has implied powers

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11
Q

Federalist 51

A

checks and balances

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12
Q

10th amendment

A

rights reserved to states; Reserved Powers

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13
Q

Reserved Powers

A

rights to given to federal gov, automatically given to states

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14
Q

Article 1, Section 10

A

says what’s states can’t do; limits there power; fears article of confederation

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15
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

powers shared by national and state government

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16
Q

Inherent Powers

A

gov has power bc there the gov; Imminent Domain

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17
Q

Imminent Domain

A

Gov can buy private property; you have to sell

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18
Q

Congress non-legislative power

A

Declare War; Advising Consent(Candidate Approval); Amendment Process

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19
Q

Amendment Process

A

2/3 proposal; represents federalism- congress proposes and states ratify

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20
Q

Executive Order

A

President goes over congress

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21
Q

Strict Constructionist

A

limits power of federal government to only what’s expressively stated in constitution

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22
Q

Loose Constructionist

A

“reading between the lines”- living and changing

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23
Q

Re/Apportionment

A

legislative seats are distributed based on population

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24
Q

Baker v Carr

A

guiding principle, one man one vote

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25
Q

Reno v Shaw

A

race can’t be a factor

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26
Q

Reynolds v Shaw

A

voting rights and equal representation

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27
Q

Gerrymandering

A

manipulate boundaries for party/class; legal

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28
Q

Majority-Miniority District

A

minority class makes up majority

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29
Q

Marginal/Swing District

A

doen’t get more than 55% for one candidate

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30
Q

Majority/Safe District

A

candidate wins more than 55%

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31
Q

Continuous Body

A

senate; only 1/3 are reelected

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32
Q

Constituents

A

people you represent

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33
Q

Senator Dies

A

governor of state appoints someone to fill position until next election

34
Q

Incumbency Advantage

A

those already in office get reelected more easily, name recognition, raising money; works better in house

35
Q

Constituent Service

A

resolves constituents problems; they had a problem I fixed it

36
Q

Parts of Incumbency Advantage

A

Constituent Service; Pork Barrel; Franking

37
Q

Pork Barrel Bill

A

creates jobs and benefits for a particular group

38
Q

Franking

A

sending business related mail for free

39
Q

FECA

A

PACs have to donated for IG

40
Q

Casework

A

provide assistants to constituents

41
Q

Credit Claiming

A

Casework, Pork Barrel

42
Q

Speaker of the House

A

powerful and influential; determines party strategy; determines which bills will be presented; assisted by majority leader

43
Q

Majority/Floor Leader

A

ally to speaker; schedule billings; announce agenda; responds to member opinions on agenda

44
Q

Minority Leader

A

negotiates with majority; leads floor for minority;

45
Q

Whip

A

keep score of party votes; focus on people on the fence; asks how floor is going to vote; minority and majority

46
Q

Standing Committees

A

permanent;
oversee specific responsibilities; evaluate bills to kill them or pass; jurisdiction over a certain area; multiple subcommittees

47
Q

Joint Committee

A

members of both chambers;
Issue of interest in both houses
Limited jurisdiction

48
Q

Selective Committee

A

limited- specific purpose; no legislative authority; temporary

49
Q

subcommittee

A

deals with specified issues and reports back to large committees

50
Q

Conference Committee

A

joint and select- bill passes in both so come together to compromise; temporary

51
Q

House Rules Committee

A

most powerful standing committee; closed rule

52
Q

Closed Rule

A

limits debate; bill can’t be amended on floor

53
Q

President of Senate

A

VP; breaks ties; presides over counting ballots

54
Q

President Pro Tempore

A

fills in for VP

55
Q

Congressional Caucus

A

closed meeting to develop party strategy; gathers people together

56
Q

Quorum

A

number of people for meeting to count; majority

57
Q

Committee of the Hole

A

reduces quorum to 100; can’t vote but speeds it up; debate period

58
Q

Mark up

A

happens/assigned in standing committee; evaluates merit of bill; makes edits

59
Q

Pigeon Hole

A

speaker doesn’t have to assign bill to committee; set aside and ideally forgotten

60
Q

Discharge Petition

A

motion to force bill out of committee; gets it out of pigeon hole

61
Q

Clotcher

A

ends filibuster/debate; rare

62
Q

Filibuster

A

stalling so that nothing gets done

63
Q

Log Rolling

A

trading votes

64
Q

Rider

A

doesn’t pass by itself so it attaches to another bill

65
Q

Christmas Tree Bill

A

Rider bills hanging on the “tree”

66
Q

Engrossed

A

printed in final form

67
Q

Hold

A

senator temporarily blocks bill

68
Q

Appropriation Bill

A

congress response to presidents budget

69
Q

Authorization Bill

A

authorization for federal agencies

70
Q

Budget Resolution

A

blueprint guide to congressional action on beget related legislation

71
Q

Continuing Resolution

A

can’t reach agreement on appropriations so agencies get budget from year before

72
Q

Incrementalism

A

small changes to programs rather than large; over large periods of time

73
Q

Reconciliation

A

tax or revenue adjustments to achieve required savings

74
Q

Trustee

A

vote in best interest- trust yourself

75
Q

Delegate

A

vote the way constituents want

76
Q

Partisan

A

do what the party wants

77
Q

Politico

A

pick based on an issue

78
Q

Work with president

A

Work closely with president; determined by president approval

79
Q

Senate are…

A

Generalists

80
Q

House members are…

A

Specialists

81
Q

Staff

A

keep records of phone calls; congressman can’t be everywhere so fill there place

AP Gov (5 decks)

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