Congential Heart Defects - Intro

Question 1

Divided By…

Answer 1

Presence of cyanosis
Cardiac auscultation

Question 2

Acyanotic defects

Answer 2

Ventricular septal defect (MC)
Atrial septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
Coarctation of aorta

Question 3

Cyanotic defects

Answer 3

TRETALOGY OF FALLOT

Question 4

Explain the Pathophysiology of acyanotic defects

Answer 4

High pressure left sided systemic blood gets shunted into right sided pulmonary flow -> pulmonary HTN
- blood already oxygenated = no cyanosis BUT does increase pulmonary flow
- in some cases over a long period of time the pulmonary HTN gets so bad that the pulmonary pressure exceeds the systemic pressure causing reversal Of blood flow
= right to left = EISENMENGERS SYNDROME - deoxygenated blood gets shunted into systemic circulation = CYANOSIS

Question 5

Explain the Pathophysiology of cyanotic defects

Answer 5

There’s a defect which allows deoxygenated systemic venous blood to bypass the lungs + return to the body -> CYANOSIS