Congenital Heart Defects

Question 1

What is the primary characteristic of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 1

DECREASED pulmonary blood flow

Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that results in reduced blood flow to the lungs.

Question 2

What are the four defects that make up Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 2

Pulmonary stenosis, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Overriding aorta, Ventricular septal defect

This combination of defects is often summarized by the acronym PROVe.

Question 3

What is a common sign of Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 3

Cyanosis

Cyanosis occurs due to reduced oxygen levels in the blood.

Question 4

What position should a child be placed in during cyanotic episodes?

Answer 4

Knee to chest position

This position helps increase blood flow to the lungs.

Question 5

What type of heart sound is associated with Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 5

Systolic murmur

A systolic murmur is indicative of blood flow obstruction in the heart.

Question 6

When should surgical repair for Tetralogy of Fallot ideally be performed?

Answer 6

Within the first year of life

Early surgical intervention is crucial for better outcomes.