Congenial Muscular Torticollis and Plagiocephaly

Question 1

How is torticollis named

Answer 1

Named by what side is tight SCM so lateral flexion ipsilateral and rotation contralateral

Question 2

How common is torticollis?

Answer 2

3rd most common congenital muscular abnormality

Question 3

What are the types of CMT

Answer 3

SCM tumor (tight mass) fibrotic mass
muscular torticollis
postural/positional torticollis

Question 4

Functional/activity limitations of CMT

Answer 4

can lead to neglect of ipsilateral side of body
-hand
-visual awareness ipsilaterally
-right reactions contralaterally
Protective reactions delayed
Purposeful movement or skills ipsilaterally

Altered/decreased sensory information -proprioceptive
-vestibular
-visual

Question 5

What should you look for as skin assessment in babies?

Answer 5

check ipsilateral skin creases for:
-pinkness
-maceration
-skin breakdown

Question 6

What percentage of CMT have hip dysplasia?

Answer 6

about 12%

Question 7

PT examination
musculoskeletal system assessment

Answer 7

Active ROM
Passive ROM

Question 8

What are the goals for PT of CMT

Answer 8

1. to restore full functional ROM and muscle strength
2. Prevent contractures
   3.Promote age appropriate symmetrical motor development
   4.educate family and caregivers on how to facilitate all of these things on a daily basis

Question 9

Interventions for CMT

Answer 9

1. ROM
   -prom: neck
   -arom: neck and trunk
2. strengthening and symmetrical movement
3. environmental adaptations
4. parent caregiver education`

Question 10

What is Plagiocephaly

Answer 10

skeletal deformation/mal-positioning

occipital flattening
-may be present at birth or develop as early as 1 month old
-most often, flattening on the side to which the infant rotates

Question 11

Examinations of plagiocephaly

Answer 11

1. measure cranial vault
2. measure skull circumference
3. orthotists use laser scanners now

Question 12

How to document plagiocephaly

Answer 12

document, measure, and describe

photographs
describe

Question 13

What are common impairments seen in CMT and plagiocephaly

Answer 13

scoliosis
pelvic obliquities

Question 14

What orthotic devices are used with plagiocephaly and CMT

Answer 14

cranial remolding band/dynamic orthotic cranioplasty

dynamic approach to treating plagiocephaly

typically can start between 4-6 months of age

Question 15

How often do the DOC band need to worn for

Answer 15

23 hours a day

adjusted 2-4 times per month

Question 16

CMT is a condition that presents cervical _____ lateral tilt, ______rotation and commonly plagiocephaly

Answer 16

ipsilateral lateral tilt
contralateral rotation

Question 17

Most cases of CMT and plagiocephaly are successfully resolved through ______ treatment

Answer 17

conservative