confucianism

Question 1

confucius background

Answer 1

• born 551 bc, warring states period
• a scholar
• wanted to restore order and moral living in china

Question 2

5 basic relationships

Answer 2

• father and son
• younger and older sibling
• ruler and subject
• friend and friend
• husband and wife
  *each had its own code of conduct

Question 3

what does filial piety mean?

Answer 3

respect for parents and ancestors

Question 4

what is the civil service exam

Answer 4

started under the han, required to get a government job until 1912, tested knowledge of Confucian teachings

Question 5

what did confucius’s followers do after his death?

Answer 5

wrote his sayings down in a book called the analects

Question 6

when was legalism evolved in china?

Answer 6

300-200 bc

Question 7

legalism basic facts

Answer 7

• founder: han fei
• people are naturally greedy and evil
• order comes through strict laws and enforcement
• rulers should be strong and ruthless
• thinkers and their ideas should be controlled by the government
• strong government
• rich rewards for those you performed well
• harsh punishments for those who don’t follow instructions

Question 8

what was the name of the book that han fei wrote about legalism called?

Answer 8

han feizi

Question 9

did legalism gain favor in china?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

who was Qin Shi Huangdi and what did he do?

Answer 10

he used legalism to unite and control china, burned confucian books and killed scholars, law codes, standardized money (taxations collected directly from peasants), public works projects (great wall, canals, etc.)

Question 11

what does autocracy mean?

Answer 11

a government with unlimited power

Question 12

what did legalism have that thrived?

Answer 12

standardized writing, law, currency, weights and measures in china

Question 13

who founded daoism?

Answer 13

laozi:
- around 50 years older than confucius
- wrote dao te ching (“the way and its power)

Question 14

dao basic beliefs

Answer 14

• Dao is the universal force connected to nature that creates order for all things
• People gain peace & happiness by
• becoming one with the Dao
• Life should be lived simply
• Practice humility
• Seek harmony with nature
• Humans- the only animal that fails to follow the Dao
• rejected world of conflict

Question 15

what are the 3 jewels of daoism?

Answer 15

• compassion (love)
• moderation
• simplicity

Question 16

daoism government

Answer 16

• Rulers should make fewer laws
• Wu Wei – the way of ruling
  1) Action thru non-action
  2) When there is no desire, all things are at peace
  3) Rulers cannot force people to prosper

Question 17

does daoism have no laws then?!

Answer 17

no there are laws called the 5 precepts:
1) no murdering
2) no stealing
3) no sexual misconduct
4) no false speech
5) no taking of intoxicants

Question 18

what is the yin in yin and yang?

Answer 18

cold, dark, soft & mysterious

Question 19

what is the yang in yin and yang?

Answer 19

warm, bright, hard & clear