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Blood and lymph test 2 > Condensed pharm > Flashcards

Condensed pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Alkylating subgroups

A

Nitrogen mustards
Nitrosoureas

General- effect all phases, can be seen more in S phase

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2
Q

Nitrogen mustards and side effects

A

Mechlorethamine- Vesicant
Tx: Thiosulfate
Do not give if pregnant

Cyclophosphamide pro drug
Hemorrhagic cycstitis (give fluid and MESNA)
Leukopenia
SIADH (Give lasix)

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3
Q

Nitrosoureas action, main drug and its side effect

A

Alkylates carbomoylate protein and attacks O2, and can cross BBB

Carmustine- can cause pulmonary fibrosis

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4
Q

Folic acid analog

A

Methotrexate
Give with low dose of leukovorin to rescue healthy cells
Can cause renal/neuro toxicity

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5
Q

Pyrimidine analogs and side effects

A

Can cause Uric acid build up from xanthine oxidase

ARA-C is a deoxycytidine and fragments dbl helix via steric hindrance (most effective in S phase)
Commonly given with vinblastine (causes accumulation of cells in S phase)

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6
Q

Purine analogs

A 
6-MP
6-TG
Fludarabine
Pentostatin
Cladribine and clofarabine
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7
Q

6-MP

A

Use with allopurinol because it reduces its metabolism and decreases uric acid levels

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8
Q

6-TG

A

Also use with allopurinol

Activatied by HGPRT

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9
Q

Pentostatin

A

FATAL PULMONARY TOXICITY if given with Fludarabine

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10
Q

Fludarabine

A

FATAL PULMONARY TOXICITY if given with Pentostatin

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11
Q

Cladribine and Clofarbine

A

Reduce NAD and ATP

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12
Q

Vinca alkaloids side effects and drugs

A 
M Phase specific
Binds tubulin
Disrupts transport=Neurotoxin
Resistance if P-gp gene amplified
Death if given intrathecally
Extreme pain fon extravasastion from Phlebitis

Vincristine
Vinblastine

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13
Q

Vincristine

A

In MOPP regimen

Neuropathy

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14
Q

Vinblastine

A

Give with ARA-C, gets stuck in S phace and ARA-C becomes more effective

Can cause SIADH

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15
Q

Topo 2 inhibitors

A

Binds tubulin, does not effect structure
Prevents re-annealing of cells in S and G2 phases

Etopiside- Mild thrombocytopenia
Teniposide- Longer duration

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16
Q

Anthracycline side fx and drugs

A

All with rubicin in the name

Intercalates between opposite DNA strands, they then break

CARDIOTOXIC: Use with dexrazoxane

17
Q

Doxorubicin

A

VESICANT with Adriamycin flare streaking
Causes red urine and leukopenia
Cardiotoxitiy-Quinones attached to the anthracycline ring form semiquinones that chelate iron forming an Rx-Fe-DNA complex that reacts with O2

18
Q

Daunorubicin

A

Like doxorubicin but with a limited spectrum

19
Q

End anthracyclines

A

Mitoxanthrone

Bleomycin

20
Q

Mitoxantrone

A

Less toxic than Bleomycin

21
Q

Bleomycin

A

PULMONARY FIBROSIS and CUTANEOUS problems

Chelates copper and iron

22
Q

L-Asparaginase

A

Anaphylaxis
Hyperglycemia
Bleeding

23
Q

DNA methylating agents

A

Azacitidine
Decitabine
Nelarabine

24
Q

Azacitidine

A

Covalently binds to DNA cytosine methyltransferase

Leads to apoptosis

25
Q

Decitabine

A

Like azacitidine but also breaks DNA strand

26
Q

Monoclonal IgG antibodies end with mab

All target CD20 except the A one

A

Alemtuzumab- CD52

Tositomomab- kills via ionizing radiation

27
Q

Interferons BBW

A

Aggravating fatal neuropsychiatric, autoimmune, ischemic, and infectious disorders

Alpha 2a (inhibits ornithine decarboxylase), peg2a, alpha 2b

28
Q

Aldesleukin

A

Acts on T cell progenitors to make LAK

CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME

29
Q

Denileukin difitox

A

IL2 with Diptheria toxin

CAPILLARY LEAK SYNDROME

30
Q

BCR-ABL protein TK inhibitors

A 
t9;22  with Ph chromosome   
Imitiinab- 
Nilotinib- 
Dasatinib- 
Pronatinib- BBW
Ibrutinib- prevents -cell trafficing
31
Q

Pronatinib BBW

A

Thrombosis and hepato toxicity

32
Q

Hydroxyurea

A

S phase specific

33
Q

Tretinoin

A

RAR-RXR binding
Inhibits proliferation
Do not give if pregnant

34
Q

Arsenic trioxide

A

DNA fragmentation

35
Q

Bortezomib

A

Inhibits ubiquitin pathway

36
Q

Thalidomide

A

Inhibits angiogenesis, decreases TNFa and leukocyte migration

37
Q

Lenalidomide

A

Like thalidomide just not as teratogenic

38
Q

Pomalidomide

A

Do not give if pregnant.

Blood and lymph test 2 (6 decks)

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