Concrete Construction Flashcards

1
Q

What is concrete?

A

Concrete is the composite material consist essentially of aggregate (coarse and fine) particle embedded in a binding medium

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2
Q

What makes a paste?

A

Cement + water

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3
Q

What can other additions to concrete include?

A

Reinforcing steel

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4
Q

What is the function of paste?

A

To bind the aggregate

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5
Q

What is the process of concrete?

A
  1. Mix
  2. Transport
  3. Place
  4. Finish
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6
Q

What are hydration products?

A

-Hydration products are substances formed when water reacts with a compound, like cement, leading to hardening and strength in concrete.
- They will precipitate to form solids

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7
Q

What are the reactants in making ions and forming hydration products?

A

Cement phases (C_3S) + H20

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8
Q

What does SEM stand for?

A

Scanning electron microscope

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9
Q

What is Motar consist of?

A

Paste + fine aggregate

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10
Q

What does Concrete consist of?

A

Paste + coarse aggregate

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11
Q

What are advantages of concrete?

A
  • Fire resistant
  • Cost effective
  • Durable
  • Insulator
  • Strong in compression
  • Made from the most common elements in the Earths crust
  • Dampens vibrations
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12
Q

What are disadvantages of concrete?

A
  • Weak tension
  • Ugly
  • Large self-weight
  • Hard to reuse
  • Porous material
  • Can have long term deformations - creep and shrinkage
  • Not widely recycled
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13
Q

What is cement clinker?

A
  • Cement clinker is a solid material produced in the manufacture of Portland cement as an intermediary product.
  • Clinker occurs as lumps or nodules
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14
Q

How can we make better concretes?

A
  • Crack resisting concrete
  • Hydrophobic concrete
  • Self-healing concrete
  • Low-carbon concretes
  • Self-sensing concrete
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15
Q

How do voids appear in cement?

A

Voids come from the remnants of the water - left over space (capillary pores)

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16
Q

Why can voids be bad?

A

Makes porous concrete → corrosion

17
Q

What are the raw materials used in cement?

A

Limestone and clay

18
Q

What is the most common cement?

19
Q

What does clinker consist of?

A
  • Calcium Silicates
  • Aluminates
  • Ferrites
20
Q

What controls the setting time of cement?

21
Q

What is aggregate made of?

A

Sand and gravel

22
Q

Plasticisers what are they?

A

Give concrete more workability and allow it to be moulded

23
Q

What’s hydrophobic concrete?

A

Repels water

24
Q

How much CO2 does cement contribute to?

A

The manufacture of cement produces about 0.9 pounds of CO2 for every pound of cement

25
What did Thomas Edison do with concrete?
Edison Portland cement was used extensively for buildings, roads, dams, and other structures, including Yankee Stadium
26
When did Edison build the concrete house?
1910
27
What is usually concretes service life?
100 -120 yrs
28
What is usually made from concrete?
- Pavements - Rail sleepers - Nuclear structures
29
How much of the raw materials extracted goes into concrete?
Half
30
How much concrete is there for every person on Earth every year?
1m^3
31
What are major constitutes in Portland Clinker?
- CaO - SiO2 - Al2O3 - Fe2O3
32
For every ton of cement produce how much CO2 released?
1 ton