Concepts of physical activity in sport

Question 1

Amy plays badminton with her friends at the school lunchtime session. She is also a member of her local badminton club where she plays in the local league every weekend.

Compare Amy’s experience of badminton as recreation and her experience of badminton as sport, and explain how these might impact on her performance.

[8 marks]

Answer 1

AO1 Knowledge and Understanding
Recreation

*  Recreation is usually fun
*  Outcome is non-serious so winning is not important
*  Flexible in its organisation
*  Modified rules
*  Voluntary
*  Self-officiated / regulated

Sport
*  Sport is highly organised and so involves written rules
*  It is competitive and so there is a winner
*  It therefore usually involves competitions, which involve officials
*  Commitment to regular training
*  Extrinsic rewards
*  Strategies and tactics

AO2 – Application of recreation and sport to Amy / badminton
*  During the lunchtime session Amy is experiencing recreation
*  The rules may be modified, such as playing matches up to 11 / playing half court
*  It will be played without umpires, Amy and her opponent will be making the decisions such as whether a shuttle landed out or on the line
*  She has made the choice to do the activity, as she is doing it in her free time during lunch
*  She is with friends so more likelihood of the activity being fun and social
*  The outcome of the badminton games are not important to Amy
*  When Amy plays for her local club she is experiencing badminton as sport
*  She is likely to have to train for the games and will play in competitions like the local leagues
*  The rules she will be playing by will be codified, set out by the NGB
*  There will be officials running her tournament / tournament referee
*  Amy or her club may receive a trophy for winning the league

AO3 – Analysis of the different impact recreation and sport has on her performance
*  Because sport is serious, Amy will train more so the quality of her performance is likely to be better, for example her smash shots will be executed with more force and better technique
*  However, given the serious nature of sport it could lead to more deviancy when playing
*  With recreation, as the outcome is less-serious, Amy may not put in as much effort into her performance, so the quality of her performance is likely to be lower, such as more serves hit into the net through a lack of concentration
*  Playing badminton as a recreational activity could negatively impact on her performance when playing sport, shots could become sloppy / poor technique
*  However, playing badminton at lunchtime could help improve the skills that she performs when playing league matches

Accept any other appropriate analysis of Amy’s experience of badminton as recreation and sport.

Question 2

Explain how the modern form of association football can match the concept of sport.

(6 marks)

Answer 2

• Football has specific rules governing how it is played, which makes it highly structured therefore matching the concept of sport.
• Highly structured – time/space/rules.
• Rules externally enforced by officials.
• Winning taken seriously/serious end product.
• Skilful/refined skills.
• Training/specialisation/trials/selective.
• Administration – clubs/NGB’s.
• Display/spectators/entertainment.
• Sophisticated facilities and equipment.
• Pre-planned strategies/tactics.
  Accept other relevant explanations as to how the modern form of association football can match the concept of sport.

Question 3

Schools offer games such as basketball as part of their physical education programme.
Identifyfourfactors that influence the activities on offer within schools.

[4 marks]

Answer 3

A. Timetable restrictions / time available
B. Funding
C. Resources / equipment / facilities
D. Staff available / expertise / health and safety
E. School-club links
F. (Type of school) eg gender / faith / religion
G. Tradition / local area / location
H. National Curriculum

Question 4

Identify 4 characteristics of PE [4 marks]

Answer 4

A. Timetable restrictions / time available

B. Funding

C. Resources / equipment / facilities

D. Staff available / expertise / health and safety

E. School-club links

F. (Type of school) eg gender / faith / religion

G. Tradition / local area / location

H. National Curriculum

Question 5

Identify three benefits of PE [3 marks]

Answer 5

Improved Confidence/Mental health

Positive attitudes to Physical activity

Improved Social skills

An appreciation of Sporting ethics is developed

Question 6

Schools offer games such as basketball as part of their physical education programme.

Identifyfourfactors that influence the activities on offer within schools.

[4 marks]

Answer 6

A. Timetable restrictions / time available
B. Funding
C. Resources / equipment / facilities
D. Staff available / expertise / health and safety
E. School-club links
F. (Type of school) eg gender / faith / religion
G. Tradition / local area / location
H. National Curriculum

Question 7

Sport England aims to increase the number of people who regularly participate in sport and physical activity.

Identify the characteristics of sport. [3 marks]

Answer 7

A Competitive/involves competition/ objective to win/serious end product

Serious is too vague

B Tactical/strategic element

C Well defined rules/set boundaries/time/number of players/kit

Do not accept rules on its own

D Institutionalised/organised/officials/NGB/clubs/structured/leagues/fixtures

E Can involve rewards/accept egs

F Performance of complex skills/skilful

G Amateur and professional

H Involves coaching/training/commitment

Question 8

State three benefits of students taking part in Outdoor education

[3 marks]

Answer 8

1. Leadership skills
2. Excitement/adrenaline rush
3. Decision making skills
4. Social skills/Self esteem improved
5. Improved levels of resilience