Concepts of Physical Activity, Exercise and Fitness Flashcards
it is a general term that includes sports, dance, and activities done at work or at home, such as walking, climbing stairs, or mowing the lawn.
Physical Activity
when people do physical activity especially for the purpose of getting fit, we say they are doing ____
exercise
is a planned program of physical activity usually designed to improve physical fitness with the purpose of increasing physical fitness level
physical exercise
refers to the ability of an individual to perform his/her daily task efficiently without undue fatigue and with extra “reserved” energy in case of emergency.
physical fitness
components of physical fitness
health-related components and skill-related components
factors that are related to how well the system of the body works
health-related components
the amount of force that can be produced by a single contraction of muscle
muscular strength
the ability of the muscle to perform continuous movements without fatigue
muscular endurance
the capacity of body joints to move through a wide range of motion
flexibility
the relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital parts of the body
body composition
the aspect of fitness which leads to a better understanding of how to improve and develop the abilities for sports and other physical abilities
skill-related components
the ability to control the body’s position either stationary or moving
balance
the capacity to change direction or location with quickness and lightness of movement
agility
the ability to perform a movement within a short period of time
speed
the time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to it
reaction time
the ability to do strength work at an explosive pace
power
the ability to integrate different types of movements into a smooth and accurate whole
coordination
relies on the premise that to improve, the muscle must produce wok at a level that is higher than its regular workload
overload principle
means that the body adapts to the initial overload, the overload must be adjusted and increase gradually
progressive principle
adaptation to physical activity occurs gradually and naturally, but time must be allowed for the regeneration and build
recovery principle
all gains due to exercise will be lost if one does not continue exercise
reversibility principle
state that each form of the activity would produce different results
specificity principle
prepares your body for the activity of the conditioning part of your workout
warm-up
during this phase, you perform the exercise that produces fitness benefits, such as calorie burning, building endurance, or muscle strengthening
conditioning
