Concepts Of Physical Activity

Question 1

What is the sporting development continuum?

Answer 1

Participation in various forms of activity at various stages of development.

Question 2

What are the different levels?

Answer 2

FOUNDATION level - first introduction to PA/sport (e.g. grassroots level in primary school)

PARTICIPATION level - emphasis on fun, socialising and developing friendships. Participating in a recreational, relaxed manner.

PERFORMANCE level - requires dedication and focus. Commitment to regular involvement, with emphasis on winning.

Question 3

What are the main areas of physical activity?

Answer 3

Physical recreation
Sport
Physical education

Question 4

What is leisure time?

Answer 4

Free time which can be spent actively or passively.

If spent actively it can be classified as PR because its voluntary and a choice.

Question 5

What is physical recreation?

Answer 5

The active form of leisure.

Question 6

What is the emphasis of PR?

Answer 6

Participation
Taking part
Not winning

Question 7

What are the characteristics of PR?

Answer 7

1. It’s fun, enjoyable, non-serious and informal in nature.
2. It’s physically energetic
3. Participation is a matter of choice/voluntary
4. Involvement is at the ‘participation level’.
5. It’s flexible in nature - how long you take part/rules can be adjusted.
6. It’s self-officiated/self-regulated

Limited organisation and competition
Limited equipment/technology
Amateur

Question 8

What are the functions of PR for the individual?

Answer 8

Increased health and fitness
Develops skills 
Increased self confidence/esteem 
Relief from stress 
Fun and enjoyment 
Social skills improve

Question 9

What are the functions of PR for a society?

Answer 9

Reduced strain on the NHS
Increase social integration and improve community cohesion
Increase employment and economic benefits
Decrease crime statistics
More progressing through to performance/elite levels

Question 10

What is sport?

Answer 10

It can be viewed as a serious and/or competitive experience.

Question 11

What is the emphasis of sport?

Answer 11

Competition
Winning
Structure/rules

Question 12

What are the characteristics of sport?

Answer 12

Highly structured and has set rules 
Use of specialist equipment 
Trained officials 
Strategies and tactics 
Rewards are received for success 
High skill level 
High levels of commitment and strict training 
It’s serious and competitive

Question 13

What are the functions of sport for the individual?

Answer 13

Improve healthy and fitness 
Improve skill levels 
Self confidence often increases
Increased social opportunities
Developed positive morals and attitudes

Question 14

What are the functions of sport for a society?

Answer 14

Strain on the NHS is reduced
Social control is increased
Social integration is increased, along with community cohesion/morale
Employment opportunities increase
Economic benefits result
Equality of opportunity via ‘sports participation’ for all

Question 15

What are the characteristics of P.E?

Answer 15

It’s compulsory 
Formally taught lessons 
Primary school ‘foundation level’ 
Teacher taught 
Lessons pre-planned = high structure 
School time 
4 key stages - part of the national curriculum, from ages 5-16.

Question 16

What are the aims and objectives of PE?

Answer 16

Development of health/fitness

Opportunities for participation in variety of activity

Improve decision making/problem solving/creativity

Develop positive sport ethics (fair play)

Personal/social skills

Developing/improving physical skills

Develops pupils self-analysis

Encouraging life-long participation and create a sporting habit for life

Question 17

What is outdoor education?

Answer 17

Activists which take place in the natural environment and utilise nature/geographical resources such as mountains, rivers, lakes, etc.

Question 18

What are the main benefits/functions of outdoor education?

Answer 18

Leadership/teamwork skills
Self-discovery/self-esteem
Social/communication skills
Awareness of safety - perceived risk only
Knowledge of respect for natural environment.

Question 19

What are the problems PE departments have when trying to offer outdoor education?

Answer 19

A lack of time 
A lack of money 
A lack of qualified or motivated staff
A lack of equipment 
Location - inner city = less opportunity 
Health and safety concerns

Question 20

What is the triangular model of PE?

Answer 20

A pupils experience of PE should involve a number of different elements including:

Education (national curriculum)
Recreation (extra-curricular, non-competitive participation opportunities)
School sport (extra-curricular competitive opportunities)

Question 21

What are the characteristics and aims of school sport?

Answer 21

Different to PE 
Extra curricular time 
Competitive 
School sports partnership 
School games 

Physical, social and mental benefits.

Question 22

What are the benefits of school sport?

Answer 22

Social - friendships, etc
Fun 
Teamwork 
Communication 
Health/fitness 
Self confidence 
Decisions making 
Improvement in academic achievement if pupils become more motivated.

Question 23

What are the barriers to school sport?

Answer 23

Clothing 
Ability 
Knowledge 
Confidence 
Equipment 
Gender if mixed - confidence

Question 24

What are the similarities and differences?

Answer 24

Look at tables on sheet