Concepts of Movement and Biomechanics Flashcards
1
Q
What is kinesiology?
A
- Study of human movement
- Combines 3 other sciences into one: Anatomy, physiology and biomechanics
2
Q
What are statics?
A
- Deals with aspects of non moving systems (quiet stance)
- Encompases active stability
- Static body position: supported by a solid stance that can withstand sustained pressure
3
Q
What are dynamics?
A
- Deals with aspects of moving systems
- Focuses on a dynamic body, where one changes shape relatively quick and how various forces affect it
- Divided into kinetics and kinematics
4
Q
What are kinetics?
A
- Studies forces (such as gravity, friction and pressure) that act on the body to generate or alter motion
- A kinetics perspective, slipping on a banana peel would encompass how little friction there was between the peel and the floor and how gravity laid you out
5
Q
What are kinematics?
A
- Involves the analysis of movement in terms of mechanical elements (such as time and space)
- A kinematics perspective, slipping on a banana peel would be concerned with how fast you were walking when you slipped, and how far your center of gravity fell
6
Q
What are the 4 ballerinas of human movement?
A
- Mobility, stability, balance and coordination
7
Q
What is mobility?
A
- The ability to move
- Obvious and expressive aspect of motion that recieves much attention
8
Q
What is stability?
A
- Comes before mobility, since it provides the necessary and sometimes oppositional support for mobility
- The silent partner of motion
- The ability to be firmly fixed or supported
- Found in both dynamic and static movement
- Uses an ever-changing contingent of joints and the myofascial units
9
Q
What is balance?
A
- The even distribution of weight that enables you to remain upright and steady
- An attribute that you innately seek in many aspects of your life, not only in the body
- Being unbalanced isn’t unwelcomed because without imbalance some movements wouldn’t be possible
- Walking down the street demands oscillating between stability and instability
10
Q
What is coordination?
A
- The organization of different elements
- Nerves, joints and muscles all work together
- The only way to make balancing look easy
11
Q
What is simultaneous movement?
A
- When the entire body moves at the same time, simultaneously
- Launching yourself off a ramp when skateboarding is an example of this
12
Q
What is sequential movement?
A
- When a movement occurs through a series of smaller, articulating actions
- Rising up from sitting on the ground would be an example of this
13
Q
What are movement patterns?
A
- These patterns are organized rhythms of motion that link groups of joints and muscles together to produce a desired action
- Making your bed would be an example of this, since you perform the same steps and process everyday
14
Q
What are kinetic chains?
A
- A movement patterns predictable sequences
- The series of joints linked by an arrangement of muscles and bones along the pathway of movement
- There are 3 types of kinetic chains: articular (joints), myofascial (muscles and fascia) and neural (nerves)
- These 3 chains work together to create action in the body
15
Q
What does proportioned mean?
A
- Corresponding in size to something else
16
Q
What does symmetrical mean?
A
- Composed of exactly similar parts facing each other
17
Q
What is compensation?
A
- What the body does to cope when its not proportioned or symmetrical
- It uses the nervous system to exert an opposite effect with the muscles, fascia and joints
18
Q
What are extrinsic factors?
A
- Where human movement (task is a major function) is determined by force, distance or gravity
- Outer factors
19
Q
What are intrinsic factors?
A
- How body segments align to allow or limit movement potential and performance
- Inner factors
20
Q
What does valgus mean?
A
- Outward angle of a distal segment (lateral)
21
Q
What does varus mean?
A
- Inward angle of a distal segment (medial)
