Concepts in malignant haematology

Question 1

Which surface antigen is associated with red cells

Answer 1

Glycophorin A

Question 2

Which enzyme is associated with neutrophils?

Answer 2

Myeloperoxidase

Question 3

What happens in malignant haemopoiesis?

Answer 3

Increased proliferation
Lack of differentiation
Lack of maturation
Lack of apoptosis

Question 4

Types of haematological malignancies

Answer 4

Acute myeloid leukaemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Chronic myeloid leukaemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

Question 5

Types of malignancies in lymph nodes?

Answer 5

High grade (aggressive) or low grade lymphoma

Question 6

What is myeloma?

Answer 6

Plasma cell malignancy in marrow

Question 7

Features of Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia?

Answer 7

Most common childhood cancer
Marrow failure–> Anaemia, infection and bleeding
High WCC and involvement of extra medullary areas
Bone pain

Question 8

Features of Acute myeloid leukaemia?

Answer 8

More common in elderly
Similar to ALL presentation
Can have DIC and gum infiltration also

Question 9

Ix for acute leukaemia?

Answer 9

Blood count and film
Coag screen
Bone narrow aspirate
Immunophenotyping for definitive diagnosis

Question 10

Treatment of ALL?

Answer 10

can last up to 2 years

Different phases of intensity

Question 11

Treatment of AML?

Answer 11

Normally intensive
2-4 cycles chemo
Prolonged hospitalisation

Question 12

Problems with marrow suppression?

Answer 12

Anaemia
Neutropenia
Thrombocytopebia–> purpura and petechiae

Question 13

comps of chemo

Answer 13

N + V
Hair loss
Liver/renal dysfunction
Tumour lysis syndrome
Infection