Concepts Exam 2 LAB- Medication Administration,

Question 1

What are the angles of injection for IM, Sub-Q, and ID (Intradermal) injections. When do you use what angles?

Answer 1

For IM injections you should administer the injection at 72 or 90 degree angles for injection.
For Sub Q injections you wither use a 90 or 45 degree angles. And intradermal injectections are done at a 15 degree angle.
Noteabely Sub Q angles depend on the amount of skin that can be pinched up. If you can pinch the skin adequatley enough then a 90 degree angle is typically best. But if there is an inadequate amount of tissue for pinching than a 45 degree angle would be best in that case.

Question 2

What are the risks of needle stick injuries? What Precautions should you use to best avoid these risks?

Answer 2

The primary risks of needle stick injuries are HIV, Hep B and C, and other BBP.
Precautions to avoid these risks as best as possible include;
NEVER recapping a used needle (think of the one handed scoop method.
Dispose of used and uncapped needles and sharps in the appropriate puncture proof containers.
And of course NEVER bend or break needles before disposal.

Question 3

What is an Ampule?

Answer 3

Ampules are a glass container designed to hold a single dose of a drug. This method of injectable medication can range from 1cc to 10cc in dosing size.

Question 4

How do you use an Ampule?

Answer 4

You must first carefully break the ampule at the neck and use a filter needle to draw adn administer medication, careful not to touch the rim and break the surface tension of the liquid medication.

Question 5

Name the sites of Sub Q injections.

Answer 5

Common Sub Q injections include either side of the belly button (think the love handles), top anterior portion of thighs, posterior of upper arms (either side),either side of the upper back, and top of the buttocks.

Question 6

What are advantages to Sub Q injections?

Answer 6

Advantages to Sub Q injections include;
1) Slower and more sustained drug absorption than IM injections.
2) Minimal tissue injury.
3)Little risk of injuring large blood vessels and nerves
And
4) Easy to self administer.

Question 7

What type of syringe, dosage, gage of needle, and angle do you use for Sub Q injections.
Should you aspirate a Sub Q injection?
What are primary nursing considerations especially for repeated sticks?

Answer 7

Commonly a 1-3ml Syringe will be used with a 25G (8/8-1”) needle, with about a typical dosage containing 0.5-1mL of injectant.
You DO NOT aspirate in cases of Sub Q administration.
And you should always aim to rotate injection sites for patients (such as diabetics) who will recieve repeat injections.

Question 8

What angles should you administer a Sub Q injection?

Answer 8

For 1 inch of pinched tissue you should use a 45 degree angle, whereas a 90 degree angle will be used for 2 inches of pinch tissue.

Question 9

In the case of insulin administration what size needle should you use? What is the best site of absorption for insuln?

Answer 9

Insulin administration should always consider using the smallest g needle typically 26-29g, and prioritize rotated injections in the abdomen as it is the fastest rate of absorption.

Question 10

What are key traits of reconsituting meds?

Answer 10

Reconstitution of medications ALWAYS requires adding a solvent or dilutent to the medication prior to injection. As well as attention to dosage calculations and manufacturer instructions on reconstituting the medication.

Question 11

Before giving any sort of injected medictation what criteria should you assess at the injection site?

Answer 11

Always assess injection sites for;
1)Signs of infection or injury
2)The presence of bruising and abraisions.
3)Location of nerves, bones, and blood vessels.
4)The Volume of the drug to be injected.
5)Sites of previous injections.
6)Muscle mass available.

Question 12

What are factors that affect needle size in IM injections?

Answer 12

The amount of medication being given affects the syringe size, while needle length and gauge are determined by your patients age, weight, muscle in site of injection, amount of adipose tissue over the muscle.

Question 13

What is the maximum dosage given to infants and small children? How about thin adults, children, and older adult patients? How about well developed adults?
What would the angle of insertion be? (SLIDE 17)

Question 14

What are the typical syringe size and needle gage for IM injections?

Answer 14

Typically 1 1/2 inch needles and 21-22g.

Question 15

Name the possible Complications of IM injections

Answer 15

Possible complications of IM injections include;
Abcesses
Cellulitis
Injury to blood vessels, nerves, and bones.
Lingering Pain
Tissue Necrosis
and Periostitis

Question 16

What is the preferred site for adult IM injections? What are it’s advantages?

Answer 16

The Gluteus Medius and Minimus are advantageous sites for adult IM injections as they have less fact than buttocks, greater amount of muscle away from major nerves or blood vessels, and are sealed off by boney borders.

Question 17

What is the standard needle length for the preffered adult IM injection site? What position should you administer this injection and how should you do so? (SLIDE 22)

Question 18

What does Dorsalgluteal refer to in terms of IM injections? What are risks associated with Dorsal gluteal IM administration? Does your text recommend this method? Why or why not? (SLIDE 23)

Question 19

What are traits of the Vastus Lateralis? What is the limited area of injection? And what needle length is typically used? SLIDE 24)

Question 20

What position should you inject a Vastus Lateralis IM? Who is this frequently used on and what might you need to do to administer it? SLIDE 25

Question 21

SLIDE 27 ADD A QUESTION HERE.

Question 22

SLIDE 28 How would you set up and administer and IM injection at the Deltoid?

Question 23

Name and Describe the 2 Special Techniques of IM administration? When might you use these methods? SLIDE 29

Question 24

What are traits of Intradermal/ID injections? SLIDE 29

Question 25

Should you ever massage an injection site? Why or why not?

Answer 25

No you should never massage an injection site because this could push some of the injected medicine out.

Question 26

SLIDE 33- Describe the technique/ how you would administer ID injections.