concepts Flashcards

(33 cards)

1
Q

what are universal affirmative propositions?

A

All, every

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are universal negative propositions?

A

none

E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are particular affirmative propositions?

A

some

I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are particular negative propositions?

A

some not

O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does “A” mean?

A

universal affirmative

all, every

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what does “E” mean?

A

universal negative

none

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does “I” mean?

A

particular affirmative

some

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does “O” mean?

A

particular negative

some not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is figure 1 in categorical syllogisms?

A

MP
SM
—–
SP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is figure 2 in categorical syllogisms?

A

PM
SM
—–
SP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is figure 3 in categorical syllogisms?

A

MP
MS
—–
SP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is figure 4 in categorical syllogisms?

A

PM
MS
—–
SP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the rules of the logical square?

A
  • contrary & contradictory relations are mutually exclusive
  • contradictory propositions are opposites
  • contrary propositions cannot be true at the same time, but can be false, or different at the same time
  • subcontrary related statements can both be true, or different, but NOT both be wrong at the same time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

logical square:
if the universal preposition is true…

A

the subaltern is true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

logical square:
if the universal proposition is false…

A

nothing can be said about the particular proposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

logical square:
if the subaltern is false…

A

the universal proposition is false

17
Q

logical square:
if the particular proposition is true…

A

nothing can be said about the universal proposition

18
Q

what is a the form of a syllogism?

A

predicate, subject, middle term

=> predicate = major
=> subject = minor

19
Q

what is a conversion?

A

switching subject and predicate terms in a categorical proposition

all A are B –> All B are A

20
Q

In a categorical proposition, when completing a CONVERSION, which statements are correct?

21
Q

What is an obversion?

A

changing the quality and replacing the predicate with term compliment in a categorical proposition

All A are B –> No A are non-B

22
Q

In a categorical proposition, when completing a OBVERSION, which statements are correct?

A

all statements (A, E, I, O)

23
Q

what is a contraposition?

A

switching the subject and the predicate term, and replacing each with its term compliment in a categorical proposition

All A are B –> All none-B are none-A

24
Q

In a categorical proposition, when completing a CONTRAPOSITION, which statements are correct?

25
what are valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 1
- AAA - EAE - AII - EIO
26
what are valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 2
- EAE - AEE - EIO - AOO
27
What are valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 3
- IAI - AII - OAO - EIO
28
What are valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 4
- EIO - AEE - IAI
29
What are conditionally valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 1
- AAI -> S - EAO -> S
30
what are conditionally valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 2
- AEO -> S - EAO -> S
31
what are conditionally valid syllogism diagrams? FIGURE 3
- AAI -> M - EAO -> M
32
what is the major premise?
* is the predicate * the first row in a syllogism
33
what is the minor premise?
* the subject * the second row in a syllogism