Concept 6.4: The endomembrane system regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions

Question 1

proteins with carbohydrates covalently bonded to them.

Answer 1

glycoproteins

Question 2

Vesicles in transit from one part of the cell to another are called

Answer 2

transport vesicles

Question 3

warehouse for receiving, sorting, shipping, and even some manufacturing. Here, products of the ER, such as proteins, are modified and stored and then sent to other destinations, is especially extensive in cells specialized for secretion.

Answer 3

Golgi apparatus

Question 4

is a membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that many eukaryotic cells use to digest (hydrolyze) macromolecules.

Answer 4

lysosome

Question 5

Amoebas and many other unicellular eukaryotes eat by engulfing smaller organisms or food particles, a process called

Answer 5

phagocytosis

Question 6

are large vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

vacuoles

Question 7

formed by phagocytosis

Answer 7

food vacuoles

Question 8

pump excess water out of the cell, thereby maintaining a suitable concentration of ions and molecules inside the cell

Answer 8

contractile vacuoles

Question 9

develops by the coalescence of smaller vacuoles.

Answer 9

central vacuole

Question 10

are the sites of cellular respiration, the metabolic process that uses oxygen to drive the generation of ATP by extracting energy from sugars, fats, and other fuels.

Answer 10

mitochondria (singular mitochondrion)

Question 11

found in plants and algae, are the sites of photosynthesis.

Answer 11

chloroplasts