Computer Systems Flashcards
What is the term for a system that consists of hardware and software components that work together to store, retrieve, and process data?
Computer System
What is the term for systems power digital cameras, run elevators and control temperature?
Special Purpose Computers
What are the two models used to describe the function of a computer system?
Input-Process-Output (IPO) model
Input-Process-Output-Storage (IPOS) model
The computer system divides work into what three categories?
1) a requirement from the environment or input
2) a computation based on the requirements or process
3) a provision for the environment or output
What is the term for a computer taking in raw data in a purposeful fashion?
Input
What is the term for transforming raw data into information?
Process
What is the term for providing the result of the transformation of data into information?
Output
What is the term for keeping data, information and results for intermediate or permanent records?
Storage
What is the term for the users in a computer system?
People (or liveware)
Who designs the operating and processing of a computer system?
System Analyst
Who writes code to implement the working of a computer system?
System Programmer
Who operates the computer system for different purposes?
End users
What role in a computer system does a keyboard, mouse and microphone support in a computer system?
Input
What role in the computer system does the CPU, RAM, and Hard Drive support?
Process
What role does the printer, speakers, and monitors support in the computer system?
Output
What three components in a computer system work together to transform data into information to meet a specific users need?
Hardware, Software and Middleware
The electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system are known as what?
Hardware
The data and computer programs in a computer system are known as what?
Software
The components in a computer system that share data between hardware and software are known as what?
Middleware
Tangible components of a computer system are known as what?
Hardware
The component of a computer system that specify how data is transformed into information is known as what?
Software
Monitors, keyboards, mouses and smart phones are examples of what computer system component?
Hardware
Internet browsers, spreadsheets and text editing are what components of a computer system?
Software
That components of a computer system that moves data between hardware and software is what?
Middleware
Motherboards, graphic cards, CPUs and power supplies are what?
Hardware
What hardware component is at the center of what makes a computer work, houses the CPU and serves as the brain?
Motherboard
What hardware component process data from the programs that your computer runs?
CPU
What type of memory occupies the memory slots of the CPU and keeps the data immediately accessible?
Random-Access Memory (RAM)
What is the hardware component that permanently stores data, or temporarily stores data in a pages filing system?
Hard-drive
What feature is a built-in mechanism on most is that allow data to be moved from RAM to the hard drive?
Paging
What is the term for the system of hardware and software components that connect two or more devices for the purpose of sharing data and information?
Networks
What are the two common types of networks?
Local area network (LAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Which type of network spans a single home, school, or small office building and provides a connection for devices within the same network?
Local Area Network (LAN)
What type of network reaches across cities, states or even across the world?
Wide Area Network (WAN)
What are the two types of network designs?
1) client to server
2) peer-to-peer
In what type of network design uses servers on one side of the network, authentication to facilitate millions of users logging in based on usernames, password and system identifiers?
Client server
In what type of network design has all devices support long the same functions without assistance of a server
Peer-to-peer
Which network design is common across organizations?
Client server
Which network design is common in small offices and homes?
Peer-to-peer
What term describes how data flows?
Physical Topology
What two different perspectives are used when designing a network using physical topology?
Logical and physical
What type of topology indicates how data actually flows and is extremely important when considering live load balancing, normal traffic, network backups and replication of data?
Logical topology
What type of topology is the actual layout of how systems are placed in the network?
Physical topology
What are the four most common network topology layouts?
Bus, star, ring and mesh
What is the term for languages supporting data exchange between computers?
Protocols
What is the most popular protocol found in internet and home computers?
TCP/IP
What is the term for things that include network routers, access points, switches that make it possible for devices to communicate with each other?
Special purpose computer systems
