Computer Structure

Question 1

Von Neuman Architecture (4 components)

Answer 1

• Memory
• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
• Control unit
• I/O (Input Output System)

Question 2

RAM - 2 types

Answer 2

Random Access Memory: Memory is fast, and the time to read/write memory from any address is about the same.
DRAM - Dynamic RAM: Cheap, slower ram that uses a capacitor and a MODFET to store data. “Regular ram is this.” Also uses more power since it has current leakage and often needs refreshes.
SRAM - Static RAM: Expensive ram to manufacture. Uses Six MOSFETS and is used as the memory close to the cpu - the registers and cache.

Question 3

ALU

Answer 3

Arithmetic Logic Unit: Math and logical operations. Stores result in fast registers. Integrated into the CPU.

Question 4

CCR

Answer 4

Coniditional code registers. Special purpose register that stores the result of <, >, = operatation.

Question 5

Control Unit - structure and purpose

Answer 5

Fetches programs from memory and activates the necessary circuitry (ALU, I/o, Memory…)
Structure:
Program counter (PC): stores address of next instruction
Instruction Register (IR): Stores the instruction
Instruction Decode: figures out what actually the instruction is and activates the necessary circuitry