Computer Fundamentals Flashcards
What is a Computer?
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to accept data (input), process it into useful information (output), and store it away (in a secondary storage device) for safekeeping or later reuse.
What is a Computer System?
A computer system is a set of integrated devices that input, output, process, and store data and information.
Advantages of Computer Usage
Increase your productivity
Easy to enter data
Processes information quickly
Information can be stored
What is Information Technology?
Information Technology is a vast and inclusive field that focuses on the use of computers, software, networks, and electronic systems to manage and process data, information, and knowledge.
What is Input?
Any data sent to a computer for processing is considered input.
What is an Input Device?
An Input Device is any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allows you to interact with and control it.
What is Output?
Any information that is displayed, projected, sent out from a computer or other electronic device is considered output.
What is an Output Device?
An output device is any hardware device that is used to display or output information.
What is SoftCopy Output?
Soft Copy Output or temporary output refers to information displayed on a screen or in audio or voice form through speakers.
What is HardCopy Output?
Hard Copy Output or permanent output refers to output printed onto paper or on other material form.
What is Processing?
Processing is the transformation of the input data to a more meaningful form (information) in the CPU.
What is Memory?
Memory (immediate access storage) is the temporary holding space for data and instructions.
What is the CPU?
The central processing unit (CPU) is the component which manipulates the data/instruction entered.
What are the two types of Memory?
two types of memory: ROM (Read Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory)
What is a Storage Medium?
A storage medium is the physical material on which a computer keeps data instructions and information.
What are the categories of Secondary Storage?
Solid State Storage
Magnetic Storage
Optical Storage
Cloud
What is Solid State Storage?
Solid State Storage is computer storage media that stores data electronically and has no moving parts
What is Cloud storage?
Cloud storage is a type of storage that lets you store data with multiple redundancy options, virtually anywhere
What is Optical Storage?
Optical Storage is any storage type in which data is written and read with a laser
What is Magnetic Storage?
Magnetic Storage is a storage of data on a magnetized medium (Floppy Disks, Hard Disks, Magnetic Tape).
What is another name f or Storage Medium?
A storage medium is also called secondary storage.
Define Storage Media?
Storage Media are the physical materials or components on which a computer keeps data, information and instructions.
Which is Volatile, Rom or Ram?
RAM IS VOLATILE.
What is another name for Primary storage?
Primary storage is also called main memory or immediate access store
What are the types of ROM?
PROM, EPROM, EEPROM
PROM
Programmable Read Only Memory. This is acquired as a blank chip. Once the PROM is
programmed, the information written is permanent and cannot be erased or deleted.
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. This is a type of ROM chip which can be erased and reprogrammed several times. It has to be removed from the computer to be reprogrammed.
EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. Similar to EPROM, but can be reprogrammed without removing it from the computer.
