CompTIA A+ Core 1: Wireless Networking & Services Flashcards by Lee Biran

Describe 802.11a standard

Bandwidth up too 54 Mbps
operates in 5GHz frequency range
Less effective penetrating solid objects
Also referred to as Wi-Fi 2

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Describe 802.11b standard

Bandwidth up to 11Mbps
2.4ghz frequency
Susceptible to interference

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Describe 802.11g standard

Emerged in 2002
Draws from 802.11a and 802.11b
Bandwidth up to 54Mbps
2.4Ghz frequency
backward compatible with 802.11b

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Describe 802.11n standard

Wireless N
Multiple signals and antennas
Better range
Backward compatible with 802.11b/g

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Describe 802.11ac standard

improved bandwidth
Wider channels
Beamforming
Dual-band transmission
No backward compatibility

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Describe 802.11ax standard

Dual-band wireless
Bandwidth up to 10Gbps 
2.4/5Ghz
Lower power consumption
Better range

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Describe 2.4Ghz frequencies

Better penetration of solid objects
Greater coverage area than 5Ghz
Susceptible to interference
Lower data rate

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Describe 5Ghz frequencies

Higher data rate
Less susceptible to interference
Smaller coverage area
Less successful penetrating solid objects

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Describe 2.4Ghz channels

Fourteen channels defined for use
depending on the country, not all channels are allowed
Each channel is 20MHz wide
Requires some of the channels overlap with each other
Channels 1,6 and 11 are good channels for typical implmentaitoosn

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Describe 5Ghz channels

Wider variety of channels for the 5GHz band
Channels begin at 36
more regulated than 2,4Ghz hand
Less susceptible to interference
fewer devices use these channels

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Pros of Bluetooth

Low power consumption
Relatively secure
Versatility
Developer-friendly platform

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Cons of Bluetooth

Connection issues

Devices can be inconsistent during the pairing process, possibly from interference

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Describe Long-range fixed wireless access

Connects two fixed locations
Enable data communications
Alternative to installing cables between sites

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Describe Long-range fixed wireless info

Point-to-point configurations
Does not require satellites
Connect users in remote areas

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Considerations for using long-range fixed wireless

Geography
Licensing
Antennas
Power

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What are factors affecting long range fixed wireless

Geographical interference
2.4Ghz interference
Tidal fading

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Features of NFC (Near field communication)

Contactless communication
Common in smartphones and tablets
Devices exchange data automatically
Limited range
Devices must be close
Security

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Pros of NFC

Convenient
Seamless
Broad support
No pairing

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Cons of NFC

Cost

Security

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Describe features of RFID(Radio frequency identification)

Embedded chip and antenna
Tracking
Automatic identification and data capture(AIDC)
Tags and readers
Active/Passive
Various applications

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RFID Pros

Global standard
Multiple items
Speed
No line of sight required

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RFID Cons

Scanning issues

Security

Features of DNS

Convert names to IP addresses
Distributed naming system
Usually managed by the ISP or enterprise IT department

Describe DHCP process

Ip address configuration
alternative to static configuration
automated IP addressing

Describe print servers

Manage print requests Provide printer queue information large enterprise networks small office or home networks

Describe mail servers

Microsoft exchange IBM Lotus/Domino Open-source

Describe web servers

Client/server model | Deliver content over Hypertext transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Name common web servers

Apache Internet information Services (IIS) NGINX

Describe file servers

Client/server model Central storage and file management Files can be accessed by computers on same network

Describe syslog server role

Network devices send messages to logging server | Most network devices can send Syslog messages

Name components of the AAA framework

Authentication Authorization Accounting(accountability)

Describe authentication

Process of determining whether someone or something is true, genuine or valid Most commonly a username and password

Describe Authorization

Occurs after authentication Access system resources and perform tasks Policy enforcmnet Individual permisssions Authenticated users may be granted access to different activities

Describe Accounting

``` Monitor resources accessed by users Session logging Billing Usage analysis Control of authorization Planning ```

Describe Multi-Factor authentication

Security token Biometric verification Security questions

Describe UTM(Unified Threat Management)

Firewall Proxy server Anti-virus/anti spam Content filter

Describe IDS(Intrusion detection system)

``` Network based (NIDS) Hot based (HIDS) ```

Describe IPS(Intrusion prevention system)

Network security/threat prevention Detect vulnerability exploits Prevent vulnerability exploits

Describe Load balancers

Traffic distribution Increase capacity Improve application reliability

Describe proxy servers

``` Access server on behalf of client Caching, filtering, security Can also be caching servers Dedicated caching servers Can filter content ```

Describe Legacy systems

``` Old, outdated, unsupported systems Networks can be a mix of old and new hardware/software Expensive to maintain Run proprietary software May require specialised programming ```

What are potential issues with Legacy Systems

Compatibility Integration with modern systems Compliance

Migrating data from legacy systems

Extraction Transformation and cleansing Validation Transferring to new system

Describe Supervisory Control and Data Aquistion(SCADA)

Collects and analyses real-time data | Monitoring and controlling operations

Describe SCADA Applications

Local or remote control Monitor, gather and process real-time data Device interaction Record events

Describe SCADA Systems

Master Terminal Unit(MTU) Remote Terminal Unit(RTU) Human Machine Interface(HMI)

SCADA Pros

``` Information reliability and accuracy Real-time notifications Trend analysis Proactive maintance Increased equipment lifespan Informed decisions ```

SCADA Cons

``` Initial investment is significant Adaption to new system Training on new technology Suppourt after purchase Maintenance time costs ```

Describe Internet of Things(IoT)

Non-traditional internet devices From the very small to the very large collect and transmit data

How IoT works

Sensors Communications chips Collect and transmit data IoT gateways

Common IoT devices

``` Light switches and outlets Thermostats Televisions Refrigerators Smart watches or health monitors ```

Examples of Use cases for IoT

Manufacturing Transportation Agriculture Healthcare

Benefits of IoT

Lifestyle Buisness insights Automation