Comptia A+ 220-801 Chapter 1 Flashcards
There are 11 System Board Components listed on pg 8. Please name them?
Chipsets Expansion slots and buses Memory slots and external cache CPUs and their sockets Power connectors On-board disk drive connectors Keyboard connectors Integrated peripheral ports and headers BIOS/firmware CMOS battery Jumpers and DIP switches Front-panel connectors
What is a chipset? pg 9
A chipset is a collection of chips or circuits that perform interface and peripheral functionsfor the processor. This collection of chips is usually the circuitry that provides interfacesfor memory, expansion cards, and onboard peripherals and generally dictates how amotherboard will communicate with the installed peripherals.
Describe the Northbridge? pg 9
The Northbridge subset of a motherboard’s chipset is the set of circuitry or chips thatperforms one very important function: management of high-speed peripheral communications.The Northbridge is responsible primarily for communications with integrated videousing AGP and PCIe, for instance, and processor-to-memory communications. Therefore,it can be said that much of the true performance of a PC relies on the specifications of theNorthbridge component and its communications capability with the peripherals it controls.
The communications between the CPU and memory occur over what is known as the? pg 10
front side bus (FSB),
Describe the Southbridge? pg 10
The Southbridge subset of the chipset is responsible for providing support to the onboardslower peripherals (PS/2, parallel ports, serial ports, Serial and Parallel ATA, and so on), managingtheir communications with the rest of the computer and the resources given to them.
What is an expansion slot? pg 10
a place in a computer where an expansion card can be inserted.
what are 5 Expansion slots used in computers today? pg 10 &11?
PCI AGP PCIe PCIx CNR
PCI expansion buses operate at what MHz and how many MBps? Pg 12
33 or 66MHz 133 and 266MBps
Describe PCI-X
is a computer busandexpansion cardstandard that enhances the 32-bitPCIlocal bus for higher bandwidth demanded mostly byserversandworkstations. It is a double-wide version of PCI, running at up to four times the clock speed, but is otherwise similar in electrical implementation and uses the same protocol.
What replaced PCI-X ? pg 13
PCIe
TheAccelerated Graphics Port(often shortened toAGP) is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching avideo cardto acomputersystem, primarily to assist in the acceleration of3D computer graphics. It was originally designed as a successor toPCI-type connections for video cards
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
In which year was AGP slowly started to be phased out? pg 13
2004
what is considered the brain of the computer?
(CPU).
What is ZIF? Pg 21
zero insertion force
What isFirmware?
is the name given to any software that is encoded inhardware, usually a read-onlymemory (ROM) chip, and can be run without extra instructions from the operating system.
What is BIOS?
is a type offirmwareused during thebootingprocess (power-on startup) onIBM PC compatiblecomputers.[1]The BIOS firmware is built intopersonal computers(PCs), and it is the first software they run when powered on. The name itself originates from the Basic Input/Output System used in theCP/Moperating system in 1975.[2][3]Originallyproprietaryto the IBM PC, the BIOS has beenreverse engineeredby companies looking to create compatible systems and theinterfaceof that original system serves as ade factostandard.What isd
What should you have in your PC Tool Box?
FRU Screwdrivers Anti Static Wrap Loop Back Plug Canned Air Splitter Extra HDs Laptop/Tablet with wifi ability.
You are checking the contents of your computer toolkit before performing upgrades on a desktop computer. What tool in your toolkit should you use to verify proper operation of the power supply?
Multimeter
Your PC has to keep certain settings when it’s turned off and its power cord is unplugged:
Date/Time Hard drive/optical drive configuration Memory CPU settings, such as overclocking Integrated ports (settings as well as enable/disable) Boot sequence Power management Virtualization support Security (passwords, trusted platform module settings, LoJack)
What is theIntegrated GPU? pg 36
is a specializedelectronic circuitdesigned to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in aframe bufferintended for output to a display.
What does CMOS Stand for? Pg 28
complementary metaloxide semiconductor (CMOS)
There are a few technical terms and phrases that you need to understand with regard tomemory and its function: pg 37
Parity Checking
Error-correcting code (ECC)
Single- and double-sided memory
Single-, dual-, and triple-channel memory
is a rudimentary error-checking scheme that offers no error correction.pg 38
Parity Checking
Hyper Threading pg 31-32
is Intel’s proprietary simultaneous multithreading (SMT) implementation used to improve parallelization of computations (doing multiple tasks at once) performed on x86 microprocessors. Bonus Feb 2002 on Xeon and Nov 2002 Pent 4
cores
A multi-core processor is a single computing component with two or more independent actual processing units (called “cores”), which are the units that read and execute program instructions.[1] The instructions are ordinary CPU instructions such as add, move data, and branch, but the multiple cores can run multiple instructions at the same time, increasing overall speed for programs amenable to parallel computing.[2] Manufacturers typically integrate the cores onto a single integrated circuit die (known as a chip multiprocessor or CMP), or onto multiple dies in a single chip package.
cache pg 19-20
A CPU cache is a cache used by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to reduce the average time to access data from the main memory. The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations. Most CPUs have different independent caches, including instruction and data caches, where the data cache is usually organized as a hierarchy of more cache levels (L1, L2, etc.)
