Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CompTIA A+ 1201 > CompTIA A+ 1201 - 1.0 Operating Systems > Flashcards

CompTIA A+ 1201 - 1.0 Operating Systems Flashcards

1
Q

NOS

A

Network Operating System

Windows Server, Linux Server etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Kernel

A

A core program that facilitates communication between the hardware and software in a computer, controlling and distributing hardware resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CLI

A

Command-Line Interface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

GUI

A

Graphical User Interface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Shell

A

A computer program that allows for user input in the form of either CLI or GUI instructions.

                              Shell
                                  |
                             Kernel
                          |      |      |
                        CPU RAM SSD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Business Client

A

OS’s designed for use in an Enterprise/Business network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Home Client

A

Standalone OS’s for home use or workgroups in a SOHO network.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

OEM License

A

Original Equipment Manufacturer License

A license key for an OS that is valid only for the hardware on which it was purchased.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Retail License

A

A standalone license key for an OS that can be transferred to new PC’s but only “lit” once.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Windows 10 / 11 Editions

A

Home
Pro
Pro Workstation
Enterprise
Education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

EOL Systems

A

End of Life Systems

Obsolete OS’s no longer supported / updated by the manufacturer.

Eg; Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Windows Editions with Domain Access enabled

A

Pro
Enterprise
Education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Volume Licensing

A

Bulk purchasing of Windows licenses for use in an Enterprise network, often with a discount due to volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Windows Home Edition

A

Doesn’t support multi CPU functionality

Doesn’t provide Domain access, Bitlocker

Multicore (up to 64)

128Gb RAM total

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Windows Pro/Education Edition

A

2 CPU utilization

Allows for Domain access & Bitlocker

2Tb RAM total

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Windows Pro Workstation Edition

A

4 CPU utilization

Allows for Domain access & Bitlocker

6Tb RAM total

Can utilize the ReFS file system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ReFS

A

Resilient File System

Upgrade from NTFS, most modern file system available BUT cannot be used as a boot drive.

Automatic integrity checking and data scrubbing (no need for chkdsk)

Built-in handling of hard disk failure and redundancy, with integration of RAID functionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

UX Control

A

User Experience Control

Allows for customization at the user level, if wanted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Microsoft N Editions

A

Doesn’t include Windows Media Player, Skype, or any of the pre-installed media apps

Stripped down Windows version without multi-media.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Feature Updates

A

Identified with a name and a number, these updates change the features for the current build of Windows (21H2, 22H2 etc….)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

NTFS

A

New Technology File System

Journaling - When data is written to an NTFS volume, it is re-read, verified and logged

Dynamic Disks - The disk management feature allows space on multiple physical disks to be combined into volumes.

Snapshots - This allows the Volume Shadows Copy Service to make read-only copies of files at given points in time even if the file is locked by another process.

Security - Features such as file permissions and ownership, file access, audit trails, quota management and encrypting file system (EFS)

POSIX Compliance - Supports UNIX / Linux compatibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

FAT32

A

File Allocation Table

Legacy file system, pre late 90’s.

Can be used for compatibility between operating systems / devices.

Eg; A thumb drive that works both in MacOS and Windows, uses FAT32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

exFAT

A

Extensible File Allocation Table

Updated version of FAT32 that supports larger drives & file size

Over 4Gb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

POSIX

A

POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) is a set of standard operating system interfaces based on the Unix operating system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Apple Operating Systems

A

Apple Mac OS
OS X
MacOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Current supported versions of Apple OS’s

A

10.15 (Catalina)

11 (Big Sur)

12 (Monterey)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Spotlight

A

Feature of an Apple operating system

Finds files, apps, images etc…

Analogous to Windows Search

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Finder

A

Feature of an Apple operating system

The central OS file manager

Analogous to Windows Explorer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Remote Disk

A

Feature of an Apple operating system

Allows for the network sharing of data from an optical drive, designed for copying files.

Will not work with AV data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Mission Control

A

Feature of an Apple operating system.

Multiple desktop functionality, allows user to shrink the desktop and continue running apps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Keychain

A

Feature of an Apple operating system

Password management for files etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

System Preferences

A

Apple equivalent to Control Panel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Terminal

A

Apple equivalent to Command Line Interface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Image Recovery

A

Feature of an Apple operating system

Build disk images in Disk Utility

Creates an Apple Disk Image file (.dmg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Force Quit

A

Apple equivalent to Task Manager

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Boot Camp

A

Allows for Windows OS to be installed on a Mac device.

Builds a Boot Camp partition that allows for Dual-Boot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Disk Utility

A

Apple OS feature for disk and image management

38
Q

Chrome OS

A

A proprietary Google manufactured operating system, for use in Chromebooks.

Based on Linux.

Designed to perform all tasks via the Internet and stores data in the cloud.

39
Q

EXT

A

Extended File System

A Linux file system with 4 iterations (EXT1, 2, 3, 4)

40
Q

VFAT

A

Virtual File Allocation Table

A file system introduced in Windows 95 that allows for the saving of documents with names longer than 8 characters.

41
Q

NFS

A

Network File System

A distributed file system protocol that allows for cross-network data transfer of files.

42
Q

APFS

A

Apple File System

Supports 64-bit addressing, journaling and encryption

43
Q

Mount Point

A

A partition or volume mapped to a folder in another file system, rather than allocated a drive letter

44
Q

UNIX

A

A family of operating systems typically running mission critical applications and infrastructure.

Interchangeable Shells run on the Kernel to provide the user interface.

Very adaptable and can be ported to many different hardware platforms.

Eg; Solaris, MacOS, Darwin, IBM AIX, HP-UX

45
Q

apt-get, yum

A

Linux / UNIX system update command

46
Q

Linux OS

A

A fully open-source OS Kernel, derived from UNIX.

Many ‘Distros’ (Distributions / Editions)

47
Q

Android OS

A

A fully open-source mobile device OS derived from Linux

48
Q

Distributions / Distros

A

A complete Linux package, including the Shell, the Kernel, apps and utilities that is distributed and supported by software vendors.

Eg; Red Hat, Suse, Debian/Ubuntu, Knoppix

49
Q

Superuser / Root User

A

In Linux computing, this is the equivalent of an Administrator account

50
Q

Wildcards

A

A special character used to substitute characters in a string, useful for searching for matching patterns / characters.

Eg; *.wav, *.Samuel

51
Q

Options (Switches)

A

Modifiers used with commands to make it more versatile

Eg; Ipconfig /all, GPupdate /Usetheforce

52
Q

Su

A

Linux Command

Become Super User (Elevate session)

53
Q

Sudo

A

Linux Command

Execute a command as the Super User

54
Q

Passwd

A

Linux Command

Change a User Account Password

55
Q

Ps

A

Linux Command

View the current processes

56
Q

Kill

A

Linux Command

Stop the CMD

57
Q

Ifconfig

A

Linux Command

View of configure a network interface.

58
Q

Iwconfig

A

Linux Command

View or change wireless networking configuration

59
Q

Shutdown -h -r

A

Linux Command

Shutdown machine

-h is Hibernate

-r is Restart

60
Q

ls

A

Linux Command

List Files

61
Q

pwd

A

Linux Command

Print Working Directory (dir)

62
Q

cd

A

Linux Command

Change Directory (same as cmd)

63
Q

cp

A

Linux Command

Copy Files

64
Q

mv

A

Linux Command

Move Files

65
Q

rm

A

Linux Command

Remove Files

66
Q

grep

A

Linux Command

Filter Files, find text in a file

67
Q

NTUSER.DAT

A

A registry file located in C:\Users*username*

Contains all the user profile settings for an account

68
Q

Roaming Profile

A

An NTUSER.DAT file is stored on the server, allowing for a user to sign into a different PC on a corporate network.

69
Q

File Extension

A

Characters at the end of a file name; used by an OS to identify the application that is associated with a file.

Eg; .bat, .pdf, .wav

70
Q

System Files

A

The files necessary for the operating system to function properly.

C:\Windows
C:\Program Files (x86)
C:\Users

71
Q

EFI System Partition

A

A partition created upon an installation of Windows on a formatted hard drive.

Pre-OS boot partition that the BIOS/UEFI will check to get “directions” to the main boot partition.

72
Q

MBR Style Partitioning

A

Can have up to 4 partitions (C, D, E, F) One of these must be active / bootable for the OS

Contains Boot Sectors contained in the Boot Partition, and a System Partition containing system files.

73
Q

GPT Style Partitioning

A

Modern partitioning program required for 64-bit systems using UEFI firmware.

Supports up to 128 different partitions.

Allows for larger partitions and backups, also containing a backup MBR for backwards compatibility.

74
Q

Attended Installation

A

An OS installation wherein the user responds to prompts from an install program to set configuration options etc…

75
Q

Unattended Installation

A

An OS installation that receives instructions from an input file, used for provisioning machines in an enterprise setting.

(PXE Boot)

76
Q

Clean Install

A

A clean install of an OS replaces the pre-existing OS, removes all settings, programs and wipes the disk.

77
Q

Secure Boot

A

An option available in the UEFI that restricts an OS installation to trusted software. This may need to be disabled to install some OS’s.

78
Q

Windows Logo’d Product List (LPL) and Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)

A

PC components have been tested for compatibility for use with Windows operating systems.

79
Q

Multiboot

A

The process of setting up multiple operating systems installed physically on a disk, instead of utilising virtual machines.

80
Q

Workgroup

A

A small group of computers on a network that share resources in a peer-to-peer fashion

Mostly used in SOHO situations.

81
Q

Domain

A

A group of computers that share a common accounts database (Active Directory) used in enterprise environments.

82
Q

Unattended Installation

A

Uses a script or a config file to input the choices and settings needed during setup.

Often utilising a Windows ANSWER file (*.xml)

83
Q

Windows System Image Manager

A

An application that manages and configures ANSWER files.

Can automate the deployment of product keys, disk partitions, computer names, language and network/domain settings.

84
Q

*.WIM

A

Windows Image File, used in automated deployment of devices.

85
Q

Sysprep

A

Prepares the machine for hardware independence, stripping off all the unique identifiers (settings, license key, OS, etc) ready for provisioning.

86
Q

Time Machine

A

MasOS built in backup utility.

87
Q

Task Scheduler

A

Built-in Windows application that allows for the scheduling of one-time or recurring actions (backups etc)

You can define triggers, apply multiple actions to a single task, view log files for events connected to the task and organize tasks into folders.

88
Q

Services

A

Services provide back-end functionality to Windows, such as: Logon, Networking Browsing, Indexing Files etc…

Installed by Windows and 3rd party vendors when installing software.

89
Q

ODBC

A

Open Database Connectivity.

A programming language that allows for applications (like MS Access) to communicate with SQL or other advanced database management systems.

Simplifies database modification for end-users so they don’t have to learn programming.

90
Q

msconfig

A

Utility that allows for booting into safe mode, modifying startup and the Windows boot method.

CompTIA A+ 1201 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions