Comprehensive Review Flashcards
Anticlinal vertebra
T11
Each rib has how many articulations?
3
Each vertebrae has at least how many articulations?
6
Compound joints
More than 2 components
Which joint of the thoracic limb does not have a caudal flexor angle?
Cubital
Which joints do not have collateral ligs.?
- Humeral
2. Coxal
Which joints of the pelvic limb do not have caudal flexor angles?
Coxal and tarsal
Ligs of genual joint
4 which tie tibial and menisci
1 which attaches the 2 menisci
1 which attaches meniscus to femur
4 extracapsular (collateral and cruciate)
Drawer motion of genual joint means which lig is damage?
Cruciate
Most moveable joint of tarsus
Tarsocrural jt
Canine mammary glands
2 thoracic
2 abdominal
1 inguinal
Mammary gland lymphatics
Thoracic and cr. abdominal → axillary ln.
Cd. abdominal and inguinal → superficial inguinal ln.
Epaxial mm.
Most dorsal
Epaxial m. groups
- Transversospinalis (sacrum → head)
- Longissimus (ilium → head)
- Iliocostalis (ilium → C7)
Mm. of inspiration (which is active)
- Diaphragm
- Scaleneus
- Serratus dorsalis cranialis
M. of expiration (which is mostly passive)
Serratus dorsalis caudalis m.
What goes through lumbocostal arch?
- Sympathetic trunk
2. Major splanchnic n.
What goes through aortic hiatus?
- Aorta
- Azygos v.
- Thoracic duct
What goes through esophageal hiatus?
- Esophagus
2. Vagal trunks (dorsal and ventral)
Lobes of right lung
- Cr.
- Cd.
- Middle
- Accessory
Cardiac notch location
Low in right 4th-5th intercostal space
Nutritional blood supply of lung
Bronchoesophageal a.
Auscultation triangle
6th-11th ribs
Heart location
3rd-6th intercostal spaces
Features of ventricles to prevent eversion of AV valves
Chordae tendina and papillary mm.
Systole
Cardiac contraction (AV valves closed, semilunar are open)
Which valve do you hear on the right?
AV valve (4th-5th space)
Which valve is high on the left?
Aortic
Where to listen to pulmonary or left AV valves
Low on left
3rd for pulmonary
5th for left AV
Aortic arch gives off?
- Brachiocephalic trunk
2. Left subclavian
Foramen ovale
Right atrium → left atrium
Umbilical aa. becomes?
Round lig. of bladder
Umbilical v. becomes?
Round lig of liver (in falciform)
Efferent neuron shape
Multipolar
Afferent neuron shape
Psuedounipolar
Special neuron shape
Bipolar
Sympathetic nn. to body wall and limbs synapse where?
Sympathetic trunk ganglia
Sympathetic nn. to head synapse where?
Cr. cervical ganglion
Sympathetic nn. to neck or thorax synapse where?
Cervicothoracic ganglion
Sympathetic nn. to abdominal cavity synapse where?
Celicomesenteric ganglion or cd. mesenteric ganglion
Sympathetic nn. to pelvic cavity synapse where?
Cd. mesenteric ganglion
Connections between superficial and deep vv. of thoracic limb
- Median cubital v.
2. Axillobrachial v.
Which vv. of thoracic limb enter external jugular?
- Cephalic v.
2. Omobrachial v.
Main ln. of thoracic limb
- Superficial cervical (constant, palpable)
2. Axillary ln. (constant, not palpable)
Autonomous zone of axillary n.
On shoulder
Autonomous zone of musculocutaneous n.
Medial brachium
Lateral mm. of hip have what action?
Abduct limb, extend coxal joint
Cd. mm. of hip have what action?
Rotate limb laterally
Musculocutaneous n. innervates what m.?
Biceps brachii
Cd. mm. of thigh have what action?
Extend coxal and tarsocrural jts.
Medial mm. of thigh have what action and use what n.?
Adduct limb
Obturator n.
Cr. mm. of thigh have what action and use what n.?
Flex coxal jt.
Femoral n.
Craniolateral mm. of crus have what action and use what n.?
Flex tarsocrural
Fibular n.
Caudomedial antebrachial mm. are innervated by?
Median and ulnar nn.
