Comprehensive Final Energy system and muscle fibers

Question 1

What does the Immediate Energy System rely on for energy production?

Answer 1

ATP and creatine phosphate stored in the muscle fiber

Question 2

How long can the Immediate Energy System sustain high-intensity exercise?

Answer 2

10 seconds

Question 3

What type of exercise relies on the Lactic Acid Energy System?

Answer 3

Short-duration, high-intensity exercise lasting 2 to 4 minutes

Question 4

What is the primary nutrient used in the Lactic Acid Energy System?

Answer 4

Carbohydrate (glucose)

Question 5

How does skeletal muscle obtain glucose for the Lactic Acid Energy System?

Answer 5

from blood glucose or breaking down muscle glycogen

Question 6

What type of exercise utilizes the Oxidative Energy System?

Answer 6

Lower intensity, sustained exercise

Question 7

Which macronutrients are used in the Oxidative Energy System?

Answer 7

Carbs and fatty acids (mainly fatty acids)

Question 8

How long does it take for the Oxidative Energy System to become dominant during exercise?

Answer 8

Within 5 minutes of sustained activity. And it can be done theoretically

Question 9

What is the sarcomere, and what does it contain?

Answer 9

It is the contractile unit of muscle fibers and contains myosin and actin proteins.

Question 10

What enzyme provides energy for muscle contraction?

Answer 10

Myosin ATPase.

Question 11

What forms a motor unit?

Answer 11

Several muscle fibers innervated by a single α-motor neuron.

Question 12

What is the myoglobin content in Type I muscle fibers?

Answer 12

High

Question 13

What is the myoglobin content in Type IIa muscle fibers?

Answer 13

Moderate to high

Question 14

What is the myoglobin content in Type IIb muscle fibers?

Answer 14

Low

Question 15

What is myoglobin & what is the function?

Answer 15

a protein found in muscle cells that binds to oxygen/ facilitates oxygen storage and transport within muscle cells, ensuring a steady supply for energy production during muscle contraction.

Question 16

Where is myoglobin most abundant?

Answer 16

in muscle fibers with high aerobic capacity, such as Type I and Type IIa fibers

Question 17

Why is myoglobin important for endurance activities?

Answer 17

It enhances the muscle’s ability to sustain prolonged exercise by improving oxygen availability for aerobic metabolism.

Question 18

What is the primary function, contraction speed, & metabolic rate of Type I muscle fibers?

Answer 18

They support sub-maximal, longer-duration muscular contraction, Slow, & High aerobic/oxidative capacity

Question 19

Why are Type I fibers resistant to fatigue?

Answer 19

Due to their abundant mitochondria and oxidative enzymes.

Question 20

What is the primary function, contraction speed, & metabolic rate of Type IIa muscle fibers?

Answer 20

balance high-force activities/endurance, faster contraction speed compared to Type I, Intermediate metabolic rate with both aerobic and anaerobic capacities

Question 21

Why are Type IIa fibers referred to as fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) fibers?

Answer 21

they use both oxidative and glycolytic pathways for ATP production

Question 22

What is the primary function, contraction speed, & metabolic rate of Type IIb muscle fibers?

Answer 22

They are suited for high-intensity, high-force, rapidly contracting activities, The fastest contraction speed, & High anaerobic metabolic rate with poor aerobic capacity

Question 23

Why do Type IIb fibers fatigue quickly?

Answer 23

Due to relying anaerobic pathways and lower oxidative enzyme content.