Comprehensive Final Flashcards by Megan Patterson

What are adverse reactions of Pyridostigmine?

Bradycardia

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What is the generic name for Ritalin?

Methylphenidate

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What can high protein drugs lead to?

some type of toxicity

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What are some adverse reactions of epinephrine?

Palpitation, hypertension, tachycardia

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What adverse reactions are associated with gentamicin sulfate?

Oliguria, urticaria, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, liver damage , thrombocytopenia

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Ibuprofen adverse reactions include:

GI bleeding, nephrotoxicity

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When is metronidazole used as a prophylactic?

perioperative

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Define duration of action

the length of time the drug has a pharmacologic effect.

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When should you assess pain level and location when administering morphine sulfate?

Before and after

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What is Rivastigmine used for?

Help improve memory loss

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How do you assess pain on a patient?

Ask the patient to rate their pain on a scale of 0-10

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What is the preferred drug to treat ADHD?

Ritalin

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Salicylate: Aspirin is used for?

Pain and inflammatory symptoms, decrease temperature, inhibit platelet aggregation

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What angle is an IM injection given?

90 degrees

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What vitals should be monitored for a patient who is on a medication for conscious sedation?

Blood pressure and respiratory rate

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What are adverse reactions for Ritalin?

Tachycardia, growth suppression, palpitations, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia

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What are the adverse reactions associated with fluoxetine?

Seizures, hyponatremia, dehydration, osteopenia, suicical ideation

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What drug class is Albuterol?

beta2-adrenergic agonsit

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Rivastigmine side effects?

Peripheral edema, dry mouth, restless leg syndrome, nystagmus

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What are some adverse reactions for Albuterol?

Palpitations, tachycardia, hallucinations, Stephens-Johnson, hyperglycemia, hypertension

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What is Albuterol used for?

Asthma attack or brochospasms

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Define onset of action

the time the drug takes for the minimum effective concentration (MEC) after the drug is administered.

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What is the brand name for Celecoxib?

Celebrex

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What happens when a patient is taking celebrex with an ACE inhibitor?

the effect of the ace inhibitor is decreased

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What are the signs and symptoms of NMS

Muscle rigidity, sudden high fever, altered mental status, blood pressure fluctuations, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, seizures, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, respiratory failure, coma.

What are two trade names for Albuterol?

Proventil and Ventolin

What are some side effects to Albuterol?

dizziness, tremor, nasal congestion, blurred vision, sweating, headache

What is the brand name for Phenytoin?

Dilantin

What is Pyridostigmine used for?

muscle strength in patients who have myasthenia gravis

What is fluoxetine used for?

Treat depression

What are the medication rights?

Medcation, documentation, route, time, patient, dosage

What drug class is gentamicin sulfate?

antibacterial--aminoglycosides

What vitals should be monitored for a patient on Albuterol?

Lung sounds, heart rate, and blood pressure. ** important to assess before and after!

What are adverse reactions of alprazolam?

Depression, impaired coordination

True/False: Versed (midazolam) is used in pre-op.

TRUE!

What is the brand name for pyridostigmine?

Mestinon

What drug class is Phenytoin?

Anticonvulsant: hydantoin

What are side effects of alprazolam?

Lethargy, constipation, memory impairment, blurred vision, increased appetite.

What are adverse reactions for phenytoin

gingival hyperplasia (bleeding is associated so thrombocytopenia is also possible)

True/False: Geriatrics- The elderly people are more sensitive to drugs.

TRUE!

What are characteristics of Akathisia

Restless Paces the floor Feet in constant motion

What type of anti-inflammatory is ibuprofen?

1st generation NSAID

What are side effects of Ritalin?

anorexia, euphoria, blurred vision, anemia

What are Adrenergic blockers used for?

MI’s, tachycardia, High blood pressure and prevent MI's

What drink decreases alprazolam effects?

Green tea

What is the process for administering eye drops?

Always wash hands first. Gently press tear duct. Wait 1-2 minutes in between administering two different medications. Keep eye closed to help with absorption.

What vitals need to be monitored while a patient is taking morphine sulfate?

Respiratory rate and pain level

True/False: Propofol is the only drug used for conscious sedation.

FALSE!

Isoniazid adverse reaction:

hepatotoxicity (important to watch liver enzymes)

What age group should be considered before administering gentamicin sulfate?

elderlys

What is the brand name for metronidazole?

Flagyl

Ibuprofen is contraindicated in what type of patients?

Renal or hepativ disease, peptic ulcers, bleeding disorders

Rivastigmine adverse reactions?

Seizures, orthostatic hypotension, catartacts, MI, heart failure

What actions must be taken if the nurse administers the wrong medication?

Report it to the charge nurse Call the doctor Assess the patient

Salicylate: Aspirin is what type of anti-inflammatory?

1st generation NSAID

What is nephrotoxicity

Damage to kidneys

What labs are monitored with patients on gentamicin sulfate?

I's and O's, BUN, creatinine

What are characteristics of acute dystonia

Facial grimacing Involuntary upward eye movement Muscle spasms of the tongue, face, neck and back Laryngeal spasms

What type of drug is pilocarpine (Pilocar)

Cholinergic

What is Ibuprofen therapeutic response?

Decrease in pain, and in swollen joints and an increase in mobility

What is pilocarpine (Pilocar) used for?

Glaucoma -- constrics --> squeezes --> drains!

What is the brand name for fluoxetine?

Prozac

What are some side effects to epinephrine?

Tremors, anorexia

What are side effects associated with Phenytoin?

pink-red brown urine, slurred speech, confusion, dizziness

When a patient is taking Pyridostigmine , what must you assess the patient for?

Difficulty breathing and difficulty swallowing

True/False: You must take erythromycin on an empty stomach.

FALSE

Can patients with renal disease be given gentamicin sulfate?

be cautious!

What are brand names of ibuprofen?

motrin, advil

What is phenytoin used for?

to treat seizures!

What is important to remember with patients taking bactrim?

Avoid sunlight as much as possible but when in the sunlight be sure to wear sunscreen!

What drug class is Rivastigmine?

Anticholinergic

True/False: Rivastigmine PO: Food decreases absorption rate.

TRUE!

What lab values need to be monitored for Isoniazid?

Liver enzymes

What lab values are associated with nephrotoxicity?

BUN and creatiine

What do you need to educate the patient on when they are taking an anti-cholinergic?

Drink plenty of water, rise slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension, be aware of dry mouth. Avoid sunlight and avoid alcohol. Stay hydrated!

What are characteristics of tardive dyskinesia

``` Protrusion and rolling of the tongue Sucking and smacking lips Chewing motion Facial dyskinesia Involuntary movement ```

What is the antidote for morphine sulfate?

Narcan

What is erythromycin?

antibacterial--macrolides

What are the four type of extrapyramidal syndrome?

pseudoparkinsonism, acute dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia

What is epinephrine used for?

Stimulate HR & blood pressure, allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and #1 drug for cardiac arrest

What type of antidepressant is Fluoxetine?

SSRI

What food increases alprazolam levels ?

grapfruit

Rivastigmine is contraindicated in what type of patients?

Liver and kidney disease

What is alprazolam used as?

anti-anxiety

What is Isoniazid used for?

treat tuberculosis and a prophylactic measure against tuberculosis

What are some different Adrenergenic blockers?

Atenolol, Propranolol, and Metoprolol

What is the brand name for alprazolam

Xanax

What are characteristics of pseudoparkinsonism

``` stooped posture shuffling gait rigidity bradykinesia tremors pill-rolling motion of the hand ```

What other drug class is used for conscious sedation?

Benzos!

What is a side effect of metronidazole?

dark orangish rusty looking urine.

What angle is a sub Q injection given?

45 degree angle OR 90 degrees if the patient is obese

Ibuprofen side effects include:

purpura, tinnitus, light headedness, fluid rention with edema

Define peak action

when the drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration