Compounds S1 Flashcards
What is a Element?
An element is made from atoms of the same type.
What is a Compound?
A compound is two or more elements chemically bonded together.
How is a compound formed?
When chemicals join together.
What is a mixture?
A mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.
What are 3 examples of mixtures?
Air, Sea water, Salt and water.
What do compounds ending in IDE contain?
Two elements.
What do compounds ending in ATE or ITE contain?
Oxygen in addition to other elements.
What elements are present in Magnesium Oxide?
Magnesium and Oxygen.
What elements are present in Iron Carbonate?
Iron, Carbon and Oxygen.
What are the starting substances in a word equation called?
Reactants
What are the new substances we end up with called in a word equation?
Products
What do we use to show what it changes in to in a word equation?
An arrow (not an equals sign)
What does solute mean?
It’s a substance that dissolves in a liquid.
What does solvent mean?
It’s the liquid that a solute dissolves in.
What is a solution?
A Solution is formed by dissolving a substance in a liquid.
What does soluble mean?
A soluble substance will dissolve.
What does insoluble mean?
A substance that does not dissolve in liquid is insoluble.
What would sugar be?
A Solute.
What would water be?
A solvent.
What is formed by dissolving a substance in a liquid?
A solution.
If the substance dissolves when I put it in the solvent what would it be?
Soluble
If the substance doesn’t dissolve when I put it in the solvent, what would it be?
Insoluble.
What are two separating techniques ?
Filtration and Evaporation (Distillation)
What is Filtration used to separate?
Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid from a solution.
What is Evaporation used to separate?
Evaporation is used to separate a soluble substance from a liquid.
What is Evaporation?
The water boils, evaporates and leaves the salt in the evaporating basin.
What is the residue?
The residue is the solid left on the filter paper.
What is the filtrate?
The filtrate is the liquid which passes through the filter paper.
What is distillation?
Distillation is a method of separating two liquids. It works on the basis that each liquid will have a different boiling point.
What are the three stages of distillation?
Boiling, Condensing and Collecting.
What is Distillation used to separate?
Two liquids.
What are the 7 steps of Distillation?
- A Solution of ink is put into a flask and heater.
- Water in the solution evaporates changing from a liquid to steam.
- Steam rises to the top of flask.
- Steam passes through the cold Liebig condenser.
- Steam cools and condenses back into water.
- Pure liquid water is collected in the beaker.
- A blue/black solid is left behind in the flask.
What is Chromotography?
Forensic scientists use the technique called chromatography to separate a mixture of compounds.
What is Chromatography used for?
Chromatography can be used to separate out inks. Each ink is made up of a different combination of colours.
