Compounds, Formulae And Equations

Question 1

What transition metals Should you learn

Answer 1

Zinc- Zn2+
Silver- Ag+

Question 2

What are binary compounds

Answer 2

Contain only 2 elements. To name these
Put the metal first
Change the ending of the second element to -ide

Question 3

What is a poly atomic ion

Answer 3

Contains more than one atom

Question 4

What is the formula of ammonium

Answer 4

NH4+

Question 5

What is the formula for hydroxide

Answer 5

OH-

Question 6

What is the formula for nitrate

Answer 6

NO3-

Question 7

What is the formula for nitrite

Answer 7

NO2-

Question 8

What is the formula for hydrogen carbonate

Answer 8

HCO3-

Question 9

What is the formula for carbonate

Answer 9

CO3 2-

Question 10

What is the formula for sulphate

Answer 10

SO4 2-

Question 11

What is the formula for sulphite

Answer 11

SO3 2-

Question 12

What is the formula for dichromate

Answer 12

Cr2 O2 2-

Question 13

What is the formula for phosphate

Answer 13

PO4 3-

Question 14

What does -ate mean

Answer 14

Oxygen with a non metal

Question 15

What is the information for the tests for carbonate (CO32-)

Answer 15

Reagent- nitric acid
Observation- effervescence (solid dissolves)

Question 16

What is the ionic equation for carbonate

Answer 16

2H+ + CO32- ——> H2 + CO2
(aq) (aq) (g) (g)

Question 17

What is the information for the test of sulfate

Answer 17

Reagent- Barium nitrate or barium chloride
Observation- white precipitate

Question 18

What is the ionic equation for the test of sulfate

Answer 18

Ba2+ + SO42- ——> BaSO4
(aq) (aq) (s)

Question 19

What is the information for the test of halides (chlorine bromine blah blah blah)

Answer 19

Reagent- silver nitrate
Observation- precipitate (colour depends on halide ion)

Question 20

What is the ionic equation for halide

Answer 20

Ag+ +. X- —> AgX
(aq) (aq) (s)

Question 21

What is the information for ammonium

Answer 21

Reagent- warm with NaOH
Observation- gas produced turns damp red litmus paper blue

Question 22

What is the ionic equation for ammonium

Answer 22

NH4+ + OH- —> NH3 + H2O
(aq) ~(aq) _(g) (l)

Question 23

What is the correct order the test should be done

Answer 23

1) Carbonate
2) Sukfate
3) Halide

Ammonium can be done at any time

Question 24

Why should it be done in that order

Answer 24

To prevent unwanted white precipitates
Barium ions form a white precipitate with carbonate BaCO3

Silver ions form a white precipitate with carbonate and sulfate ions
Ag2SO4 and Ag2CO3
This correct order prevents the formation of any of them

Question 25

Why do we put carbonate first

Answer 25

Acid removes the carbonate ions which prevents the formation of Barium carbonate and silver carbonate

Question 26

Why do we put sulfate second

Answer 26

Barium ions remove sulfate which prevents the formation of silver sulfate in the next step

Question 27

Why do halide go last

Answer 27

Now carbonate and sulfate are removed silver nitrate can be added

Question 28

How do you distinguish chloride ion and bromide ion precipitates

Answer 28

If the precipitate dissolved in dilute ammonia then it’s a chloride
If it doesn’t dissolve in dilute but does dissolve in concentrated ammonia then it’s a bromide

Question 29

What the information for silver halide precipitates

Answer 29

Silver chloride- white ppt
Silver bromide- cream ppt
Silver iodide- yellow ppt

Question 30

What are ionic equations

Answer 30

Simplified full equations that show ions making a product
(Always the precipitate)

Question 31

Why do isotopes have similar chemical properties

Answer 31

Same number of electrons in its outer shell