Atomic Structure And Isotopes Flashcards
What do atoms consist of
A central nucleus with protons and neutrons
Electrons orbiting it in energy levels
What charge do protons have
+1
What charge do electrons have
-1
What charge do neutrons have
0
What is the mass of a proton
1
What mass is neutrons
1
What mass is electrons
(1/1836)
What is the mass number
The bottom number- the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom
How can mass number be represented
A
What is the atomic number
Equal to the number of protons in an atom. Top numbee
How is atomic number represented
Z
What are ions
Charged particles. Formed when atoms lose or gain electrons meaning it will have an overral charge
What are isotopes
Atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but with a different number of neutrons resulting in a different mass number
Why do neutral atoms of isotopes react chemically in the same way
Their proton number and electron configuration is the same so the sharing and transfer of electrons is unaffected
Different mass numbers= diff physical properties
What is the relative atomic mass (Ar)
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to one twelfth of the mean mass of an atom of the carbon-12 isotope
What is relative isotopic mass
The isotopic mass of an isotope relative to one twelfth of the mean mass of an atom of the carbon-12 isotope
What is relative molecular mass
The weighted mean mass of a molecule of a compound relative to 1/12 of the mean mass of an atom of the carbon 12 isotope
What is the standard isotope everything is compared to
C-12
What does mass spectrometry do
Identifies different isotopes and find the overall relative atomic mass of an element.
What does everything ok a mass spectrum have
A positive charge as they are hit with electrons
What are 3 things mass spectra graphs tells us
Number of peaks tells us how many isotopes
Height of peaks-abundance
Position of peaks- isotopic mass
Why is a chlorine atom 35.5
Because it’s made up of diffeent isotopes. 35 and 37
35 is more abundant
What do atoms of metals do
Lose electrons to form positive ions
What do atoms of non metals do
Gain electrons to form negative ions
Which transition metal ions should you learn
Zinc= Zn2+
Silver=Ag+
How do Roman numerals represent different charges
Copper (II) —> Cu2+
Copper (I) —> Cu+
