Compounds and Bonding

Question 1

compound

Answer 1

a substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded

Question 2

characteristics of compounds

Answer 2

1. They cannot be separated by physical means (such as filtration or evaporation) because they are chemically bonded.
2. They have different properties from the elements of which they are made.

Question 3

ways to classify compounds

Answer 3

1. according to their chemical properties

2. according to the atoms they contain

Question 4

bond

Answer 4

a force that holds together two or more atoms

Question 5

electron configuration

Answer 5

the number of electrons in each of an atom’s electron shells

Question 6

covalent bond

Answer 6

a bond in which an electron from each atom is attracted to the other’s nucleus, becoming shared by both

Question 7

ion

Answer 7

an atom that has become charged by gaining or losing one or more electrons

Question 8

cation

Answer 8

a positively charged ion (it has lost electrons so it has more protons than electrons)

Question 9

anion

Answer 9

a negatively charged ion (it has gained electrons so it has more electrons than protons)

Question 10

ionic bond

Answer 10

a bond caused by attraction between ions of opposite charge (cations and anions)

Question 11

valency

Answer 11

the number of electrons an atom must gain or lose to have a stable outer shell, also known as combining power

Question 12

allotrope

Answer 12

one of the different forms in which certain elements can exist because their atoms can bond together in different ways (for example, carbon can exist as graphite, diamond, or buckminsterfullerene)