Composition Of Matter Module Flashcards
What are the physical states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas and Plasma
What are the two main properties of matter?
Physical and chemical.
What are substances of only one type of atom called?
Elements
What is all matter made up of?
Atoms
What are substances called that are composed of more than one type of atom?
Compounds
What is a molecule?
The smallest particle into which a compound can be divided while retaining its unique property.
What are the two main particles found in a nucleus?
Protons and Neutrons
What does it mean when a nucleus is in a neutral state?
The amount of electrons orbiting the nucleus equals the amount of protons in the nucleus.
How many valence electrons does an insulator have?
5 to 8
How many valence electrons does a semiconductor have?
4
How many valence electrons does a conductor have?
1 to 3
What is an Ion?
An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons. An atom that has gained electrons is a negative ion. An atom that has lost an electron is a positive ion.
State the law of electrical charges.
Like charges repel and unlike charges attract.
What does the term free electron mean?
A free electron is an electron that is not tightly bound to a nucleus of an atom and leaves the valence shell.
