Components of Skin

Question 1

Epidermis

Answer 1

stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

Question 2

Stratum corneum

Answer 2

flattened, non-nucleated keratinized cells

Question 3

Stratum lucidum

Answer 3

found only in thick skin, fit’s a translucent layer formed of keratinized flattened eosinophilic cells that have lost its organelles and nucleus

Question 4

Stratum granulosum

Answer 4

cells packed with keratohyalin granules (still undergoing keratinization)

Question 5

Stratum spinosum

Answer 5

thickest layer of the epidermis, with cells near the basal layer still undergoing mitosis (actively undergoing keratinization)

Question 6

Stratum basale:

Answer 6

single layer of cells that attach to the basal lamina (act as stem cells)

Question 7

Dermis:
Papillary Dermis

Answer 7

Loose connective tissue
contains dermal papillae
Type 7 collagen binds papillary dermis to basal lamina

Question 8

Reticular Dermis

Answer 8

Dense irregular connective tissue
Contains hair follicles and glands
Sensory and sympathetic fibers

Question 9

Hypodermis

Answer 9

Loose connective tissue
Binds skin to organs
Extensive vascular network
Contains adipose cells

Question 10

Specialized Cells:
Keratinocytes

Answer 10

primary cell type

Question 11

Melanocytes:

Answer 11

produce melanin
Derived from neural crest cells (ectoderm)

Question 12

Merkel cells

Answer 12

associated with sensory nerve fibers

Question 13

Langerhans cells

Answer 13

antigen-presenting cells
Found in stratum spinosum

Question 14

Nerve Endings:
Non-encapsulated:
Tactile discs

Answer 14

Associated with merkel cells
Light touch

Question 15

Nerve Endings:
Non-encapsulated:
Free nerve endings

Answer 15

goes into epidermis and dermis
Pain, temperature, itching, light touch

Question 16

Nerve Endings:
Non-encapsulated:
Root hair plexus

Answer 16

Found at base of hair follicle
Detects hair movement

Question 17

Nerve Endings:
Encapsulated
Meissner’s Corpuscle:

Answer 17

light touch. located in dermal papillae

Question 18

Nerve Endings:
Encapsulated
Pacinian Corpuscle:

Answer 18

rapidly adapting endings sensitive to pressure and vibration
Surround unmyelinated axons
Coarse touch, sustained touch, vibrations

Question 19

Nerve Endings:
Encapsulated
Ruffini Corpuscle

Answer 19

detect stretch (tension) and twisting (torque) of the skin “like it rough”

Question 20

Nerve Endings:
Encapsulated
Krause-end bulbs

Answer 20

Thermoreceptors and mechanoreceptor