components of ecosystem Flashcards
geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life.
ecosystem
community or group of living organisms that live in and interact with each other in a specific environment
ecosystem
factors under abiotic components
climatic and edaphic
climatic factors
rain, light, wind, temperature
edaphic factors
soil, pH, Minerals, topography
under biotic components
producers (autotrophs) consumers (heterotrophs) decomposers (saprotrophs)
consumers
primary, secondary, tertiary, quartenary
non-living components that shape its environment
abiotic
examples of abiotic factors
soil, temperature, light intensity, humidity of air, topography, etc.
mostly made up of small particles of rocks and it affects the distribution of organisms
soil
it affects the biochemical runs in the organism.
temperature
this will affect the distribution of plants, and therefore the distribution of animals that eat plants
light intensity
it refers to the lay of the land. it affects soil fertility with increasing fertility from ridge to valleys, because of soil erosion processes and matter transport
topography
it means living and in general capable of reproduction
biotic
biotic factors
bacteria, animal, plants, fungi, archea, protists
the living organisms in the ecosystem (3 groups)
producers, consumers, and decomposers
green plants, can carry out photosynthesis to produce food
producers
feed on plants and other organisms (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores)
consumers
bacteria and fungi that break down dead plants and dead animals into simple substances
decomposers
primary producers
plant phytoplankton
primary consumers
herbivore zooplankton
secondary, tertiary, quaternary consumers
carnivore carnivore
is any factor that places an upper limit on the size of a population. it can be biotic such as availability of food, or abiotic, such as access to water
limiting factor
these factors influence a specie’s ability to survive.
abiotic factors
any biotic or abiotic factors that cause a decrease in population growth
limiting factors
the maximum population size of a particular species that given ecosystem can sustain
carrying capacity
it states that too much or too little of any abiotic factor can limit or prevent growth of a population of a species in an ecosystem
law of limiting
this law is proposed by justus von liebig in 1840
law of the minimum
it says that success of organisms determined by crucial ingredients that is in short supply
law of the minimum
proposed by victor shelford in 1913, it refers to the upper and lower bounds to physical environment an organisms can tolerate these boundaries affects the ability to function, grow, and reproduce.
law of tolerance
it states that the existence, abundance, and distribution of a species in a ecosystem are determined by whether the levels of one or more physical or chemical factors fall above or below the levels tolerated by the species
law of tolerance
examples of limiting factors in terrestrial ecosystem
temperature
water
moisture
soil nutrients
example of limiting factors in marine ecosystem
salinity
temperature
sunlight
dissolved oxygen
limiting factors
competition
predation
parasitism and disease
human disturbances
natural disasters
proposed law of the minimum
justus von liebig in 1840
proposed law of tolerance in 1913
victor shelford
species in zone of intolerance
species absent
species in zone of physiological stress
species infrequent
species in optimal range
species abundant
