Complicity

Question 1

accomplice

Answer 1

a person who intentionally assists another person to engage in the conduct that constitutes the offense

Question 2

principal in the first degree

Answer 2

present at the scene and commits at least one actus reus of the offense - liable for both crime committed and any foreseeable crimes

Question 3

principal in the second degree

Answer 3

present at the scene but does not assist in the commission of the crime e.g. lookout or getaway river - liable for both crime committed and any foreseeable crimes

Question 4

accessory before the fact

Answer 4

not at the scene of crime but provides assistance beforehand - liable for both crime committed and any foreseeable crimes

Question 5

accessory after the fact

Answer 5

not at the scene, did not provide assistance before or during but did provide after the crime e.g., helping them hide out - not liable for crime committed, liable for separate crime

Question 6

Natural and probable consequences doctrine

Answer 6

An accomplice is guilty not only of the offense she intended to facilitate or encourage but also of any reasonably foreseeable offense committed by the person whom she aided.

Question 7

if the principal is acquitted

Answer 7

accomplice must be acquitted

Question 8

if principal acquitted based on a justification

Answer 8

accomplice should be acquitted

Question 9

if principal acquitted based on an excuse

Answer 9

accomplice is not acquitted as excuse is personal to the principal

Question 10

Pinkerton doctrine

Answer 10

a conspirator is responsible for any crime committed by any other member of the conspiracy, whether or not he assisted, if the offense falls within the scope of the conspiracy or a reasonably foreseeable consequence thereof