complications in pregnancy

Question 1

FOB

Answer 1

father of the baby

Question 2

ETOP

Answer 2

elective termination of pregnancy

Question 3

risk of Rh sensitization in SAB

Answer 3

1.5-2%

Question 4

risk of Rh+ sensitization in physical ETOP

Answer 4

5%

Question 5

what antibodies does Type A blood have?

Answer 5

B

Question 6

what antibodies does Type B blood have?

Answer 6

A

Question 7

what antibodies does Type AB have?

Answer 7

none

Question 8

what antibodies does Type O blood have?

Answer 8

A and B

Question 9

most common cause of fetal hemolytic dz

Answer 9

• mom: Type O
• baby: Type A, B, or AB

Question 10

How many babies have ABO incompatibility?

Answer 10

20%

Question 11

How many babies are clinically affected by ABO incompatibility?

Answer 11

5%

Question 12

MBT

Answer 12

maternal blood type

Question 13

IBT

Answer 13

infant blood type

Question 14

pathologic jaundice

Answer 14

• happens within first 24 hr of life
• bilirubin ↑ of > 5 mg/dL in 24 hr
  *

Question 15

When do we expected peak bilirubin in newborns?

Answer 15

days 4-5

Question 16

We’re more tolerant of ↑ bilirubin in babies who are …

Answer 16

term

Question 17

direct Coombs test

Question 18

indirect Coombs test

Question 19

phototherapy action

Answer 19

• helps promote hepatic excretion of bilirubin
• ↓ blood bilirubin levels

Question 20

Tx for severe hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 20

• exchange transfusion
• rare

Question 21

severe hyperbilirubinemia can cause

Answer 21

encephalopathy

Question 22

What percentage of PG in the U.S. end in SAB?

Answer 22

10-20%

Question 23

How many SABs happen in the first 8 wks?

Answer 23

> 90%

Question 24

SAB causes

Answer 24

• 50%: chromosomal abnormality
• 40%: other (environmental, etc.)

Question 25

AMA

Answer 25

* advanced maternal age * against medical advice

Question 26

SAB s/sx

Answer 26

* uterine cramping * uterine pain * vaginal bleeding * weakly + UPT * minimal or absent hCG, progesterone

Question 27

SAB @ \< 6 wks

Answer 27

c/o of heavy period

Question 28

s/sx of threatened SAB

Answer 28

* spotting * cramping * backache * pelvic pressure

Question 29

any vaginal bleeding during PG is considered ...

Answer 29

threatened SAB

Question 30

s/sx of inevitable SAB

Answer 30

* bleeding * cramping * ROM * cervical dilation

Question 31

ROM

Answer 31

rupture of membranes

Question 32

s/sx of incomplete SAB

Answer 32

* profuse bleeding * severe cramping * cervical dilation * retained placental tissue

Question 33

ways to remove retained placenta

Answer 33

* manual * cutterage

Question 34

s/sx of complete SAB

Answer 34

POC passed ctx stopped bleeding subsides cervix closes PG s/sx disappear

Question 35

s/sx missed SAB

Answer 35

* s/sx of PG disappear * uterus stops growing * dark red or brown spotting

Question 36

complications of missed SAB

Answer 36

* DIC * sepsis

Question 37

d/x

Answer 37

discharge

Question 38

cerclage

Answer 38

purse-string stitch placed at opening of cervix to prevent miscarriage/SAB/preterm labor in women with incompetent cervix

Question 39

cerclage risks

Answer 39

ROM labor stimulation

Question 40

ectopic PG

Answer 40

* implantation of fertilized egg outside uterus * 95% are in fallopian tubes * other sites * cervix * abd cavity * ovary

Question 41

DIC s/sx

Answer 41

* bleeding from orifices * ↓ fibrinogen * ↓ platelets * ↑ PT/PTT

Question 42

ectopic PG is a significant cause of maternal death because of ...

Answer 42

hemorrhage

Question 43

ectopic PG reduces the chance of ...

Answer 43

subsequent PG

Question 44

percentage of maternal deaths caused by ectopic PG

Answer 44

10%

Question 45

PID

Answer 45

pelvic inflammatory dz

Question 46

ectopic PG s/sx

Answer 46

* missed period * unilateral abd pain * low hCG * rupture: sudden syncope, N&V, severe pain

Question 47

early sign of hypovolemic shock

Answer 47

tachycardia

Question 48

hyditiform mole

Question 49

what percentage of complete hyditiform moles become choriocarcinoma?

Answer 49

20%

Question 50

placenta previa s/sx

Answer 50

* painless, bright red vaginal bleeding * may not start until labor/dilation * uterus soft, non-tender * FHT * may have distress based on blood loss * late decels

Question 51

placental abruption s/sx

Answer 51

abd pain board-like abd bleeding (visible or occult)

Question 52

PIH

Answer 52

PG-induced HTN

Question 53

gestational HTN

Answer 53

HTN only \> 140/90

Question 54

HELLP

Answer 54

* H: hemolysis * EL: elevated liver enzymes * LP: low plt