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2021 OB > complications in pregnancy > Flashcards

complications in pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

FOB

A

father of the baby

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2
Q

ETOP

A

elective termination of pregnancy

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3
Q

risk of Rh sensitization in SAB

A

1.5-2%

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4
Q

risk of Rh+ sensitization in physical ETOP

A

5%

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5
Q

what antibodies does Type A blood have?

A

B

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6
Q

what antibodies does Type B blood have?

A

A

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7
Q

what antibodies does Type AB have?

A

none

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8
Q

what antibodies does Type O blood have?

A

A and B

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9
Q

most common cause of fetal hemolytic dz

A
  • mom: Type O
  • baby: Type A, B, or AB
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10
Q

How many babies have ABO incompatibility?

A

20%

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11
Q

How many babies are clinically affected by ABO incompatibility?

A

5%

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12
Q

MBT

A

maternal blood type

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13
Q

IBT

A

infant blood type

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14
Q

pathologic jaundice

A
  • happens within first 24 hr of life
  • bilirubin ↑ of > 5 mg/dL in 24 hr
    *
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15
Q

When do we expected peak bilirubin in newborns?

A

days 4-5

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16
Q

We’re more tolerant of ↑ bilirubin in babies who are …

A

term

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17
Q

direct Coombs test

A
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18
Q

indirect Coombs test

A
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19
Q

phototherapy action

A
  • helps promote hepatic excretion of bilirubin
  • ↓ blood bilirubin levels
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20
Q

Tx for severe hyperbilirubinemia

A
  • exchange transfusion
  • rare
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21
Q

severe hyperbilirubinemia can cause

A

encephalopathy

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22
Q

What percentage of PG in the U.S. end in SAB?

A

10-20%

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23
Q

How many SABs happen in the first 8 wks?

A

> 90%

24
Q

SAB causes

A
  • 50%: chromosomal abnormality
  • 40%: other (environmental, etc.)
25
Q

AMA

A
  • advanced maternal age
  • against medical advice
26
Q

SAB s/sx

A
  • uterine cramping
  • uterine pain
  • vaginal bleeding
  • weakly + UPT
  • minimal or absent hCG, progesterone
27
Q

SAB @ < 6 wks

A

c/o of heavy period

28
Q

s/sx of threatened SAB

A
  • spotting
  • cramping
  • backache
  • pelvic pressure
29
Q

any vaginal bleeding during PG is considered …

A

threatened SAB

30
Q

s/sx of inevitable SAB

A
  • bleeding
  • cramping
  • ROM
  • cervical dilation
31
Q

ROM

A

rupture of membranes

32
Q

s/sx of incomplete SAB

A
  • profuse bleeding
  • severe cramping
  • cervical dilation
  • retained placental tissue
33
Q

ways to remove retained placenta

A
  • manual
  • cutterage
34
Q

s/sx of complete SAB

A

POC passed

ctx stopped

bleeding subsides

cervix closes

PG s/sx disappear

35
Q

s/sx missed SAB

A
  • s/sx of PG disappear
  • uterus stops growing
  • dark red or brown spotting
36
Q

complications of missed SAB

A
  • DIC
  • sepsis
37
Q

d/x

A

discharge

38
Q

cerclage

A

purse-string stitch placed at opening of cervix to prevent miscarriage/SAB/preterm labor in women with incompetent cervix

39
Q

cerclage risks

A

ROM

labor stimulation

40
Q

ectopic PG

A
  • implantation of fertilized egg outside uterus
  • 95% are in fallopian tubes
  • other sites
    • cervix
    • abd cavity
    • ovary
41
Q

DIC s/sx

A
  • bleeding from orifices
  • ↓ fibrinogen
  • ↓ platelets
  • ↑ PT/PTT
42
Q

ectopic PG is a significant cause of maternal death because of …

A

hemorrhage

43
Q

ectopic PG reduces the chance of …

A

subsequent PG

44
Q

percentage of maternal deaths caused by ectopic PG

A

10%

45
Q

PID

A

pelvic inflammatory dz

46
Q

ectopic PG s/sx

A
  • missed period
  • unilateral abd pain
  • low hCG
  • rupture: sudden syncope, N&V, severe pain
47
Q

early sign of hypovolemic shock

A

tachycardia

48
Q

hyditiform mole

A
49
Q

what percentage of complete hyditiform moles become choriocarcinoma?

A

20%

50
Q

placenta previa s/sx

A
  • painless, bright red vaginal bleeding
    • may not start until labor/dilation
  • uterus soft, non-tender
  • FHT
    • may have distress based on blood loss
    • late decels
51
Q

placental abruption s/sx

A

abd pain

board-like abd

bleeding (visible or occult)

52
Q

PIH

A

PG-induced HTN

53
Q

gestational HTN

A

HTN only

> 140/90

54
Q

HELLP

A
  • H: hemolysis
  • EL: elevated liver enzymes
  • LP: low plt
55
Q
A

2021 OB (9 decks)

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