Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anaesthesia > Complication of IV sedation > Flashcards

Complication of IV sedation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the complication of venous cannulation?

A 
venospasm
extravascular injection
Intrarterial injection
haematoma
fainting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is venospasm?

A

Veins collapse when venpuncture is atempted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What may venospasm be accompanied by?

A

A burning sensation and poorly visible veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you manage venospams?

A

Need to spend time dilating veins
Use an efficiet technique
Ask pateint to wear gloves or soak hands in warm water before attempting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens when there has been an extravascular injection?

A

The active drug is placed into the instertitial space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How can you tell is there has been an extravascular injection?

A

pain and swelling noticed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the problems if there has been an extravascular injection?

A

There is delayed absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do you prevent an extravascular injection?

A

good cannulation technique and use a test dose of saline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you treat an extravascular injection?

A

remove the cannula and apply pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you diagnose in intra-arterial injection?

A

pain on injection radiation distal from site and red blood appears in the cannula, loss of colour and warmth in the limp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F when there has been an intra-arterial injection, it is difficult to prevent leaks from ocurring?

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do you manage intra-arterial injection?

A

Prevention: avoid anatomically prone sites eg anterior cubital fossa and palpae before entering
Monitior for loss of pulse, leave the cannula in situ for 5 mins post drugs and then if there are no problems then remove the cannula however if there are symptoms then need to refer to hospital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a haematoma?

A

This is when there is extravastion of blood into soft tissues due to damage in the vein walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When can heamatomas occur?

A

due to venepuncture as a result of poor tecnhqie and on removal of the cannula when there has been failure to apply pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In which groups of pateints are heamatomas more common in?

A

the elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do you treat a severe haematoma?

A

Initial ice pack and then palce moist heat for 20 mins on to the site after 24 hours. can also consider heparin gel

17
Q

What is fainting?

A

Sudden and temporary loss of consciousness resulting from a reduction in blood flow to the brain.

18
Q

What can precipiate a faint?

A

starvation
anxiety

Consider topical skin anaesthetic

19
Q

What could you do before IV sedation with people anxious of needles?

A

Use inhaltional sedation first

20
Q

How can people respond to the IV drugs?

A 
Hyper responders
Hypo-responders
Paadoxical reactions
Oversedation
Allergic reaction
21
Q

What happens to patients that are hyper responders?

A

They go into a deep sedation when there has been a minimal dose

22
Q

How can you manage hyper responders?

A

need to titrate drug slowly using 1mg increments

23
Q

What happens to pateints that are hypo responders?

A

they experience little sedation with large doses of drug

24
Q

What can cause hypo responders?

A

cannula not in the vein
cross tolerance
BZD induced

25
Q

What are signs of a paradoxical reaction?

A

The pt appears to sedate normally but they react extremely to all stimuli and relax when stimuli removed

26
Q

What should you stop doing in patients showing signs of paradoxical reactions?

A

need to stop adding drugs

27
Q

What happens when people have been oversedated?

A

there is loss of repsonsiveness
respiratory depression
loss of abilty to maintain airway
respiratory arrest

28
Q

How do you manage oversedation?

A

ABC
if patient does not respond to stimulation then reverse sedation with flumazenil 200micrograms and then 100mircrogrmas at minute intervals. need to watch for an our

29
Q

How do you manage respiratory depression?

A

check the oximeter and stimulate the pateint, provide supplemtnal oxygen 2 littered per min and reverse with fluamzanil

30
Q

How common are allergic reactions to the drugs used in sedation?

A

Rare! do not give flumazenil

31
Q

How do you manage sexual fantasy?

A

Ensure that always someone in room with you

32
Q

What are the complications of RA?

A

Oversedation

Patient panics

33
Q

What are the signs go NO overdose?

A 
Patient discomfort
Lack of co operation 
Mouth breathing
Giggling
Nausea
Vomiting
LOC
34
Q

How do you treat NO overdose?

A

Decrease NO concentration by 5-10%

DO NOT REMOVE NOSE PIECE

35
Q

What happens if you remove the nose piece in someone having NO overdose?

A

Diffusion hypoxia

Anaesthesia (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions