Complex traits

Question 1

Monogenic vs complex trait

Answer 1

Mono - determined by one gene (and maybe environment)

Complex trait - determined by multiple genes (and environment probably)

Question 2

Monogenic trait phenotypes

Answer 2

Typically have 2 distinct classes

Question 3

What types of inheritance are monogenic

Answer 3

AD, AR, x-linked

Question 4

Polygenic

Answer 4

Quantitative traits controlled by alleles of 2 or more genes

Question 5

Multifactorial

Answer 5

Polygenic traits caused by 2 or more genes and 1 or more environmental factors

Question 6

Heritability

Answer 6

Degree to which a disease is caused by genetics…does NOT indicate how many genes are involved in control of the trait

Question 7

QTL

Answer 7

Quantitative trait locus

Region of chromosome that contributes to some extent to a certain trait…assumed that a gene in the QTL contributes to the phenotype

Question 8

GWAS

Answer 8

Utilized SNPs to determine QTLs of given traits

Question 9

GWAS process

Answer 9

Collect affected and unaffected individuals DNA

Plot on Manhattan plot

Question 10

Manhattan plot

Answer 10

Shows GWAS data

If SNP is more common in diseased population, than it is more likely that that SNP is linked to a QTL in that region

Question 11

X-axis and y-axis of manhattan

Answer 11

Chromosome on X-axis

QTLs on Y

Question 12

Ability of GWAS depends on

Answer 12

Cohort size
Extent to which a QTL contributes to a disease
Frequency of SNP in population

Question 13

What does GWAS rely on

Answer 13

Principle of linkage…genes closer together will not be crossed over in meiosis and therefore are more likely to be found near each other